资源描述：
《虚拟语气详解_练习精讲》由会员上传分享，免费在线阅读，更多相关内容在教育资源-天天文库。
1、虚拟语气虚拟语气非真实条件句2.1if条件状语从句中的虚拟语气类别用法例句If引导的条件从句与现在事实相反从句动词：过去式（be用were）主句动词：should/would/could/might+动词原形Ifitweren’tsnowing,wewouldn’tstayinthehouse.（事实上现在下雪）Ifhehurried,hecouldcatchthefirstbus.Ifitweren’tforyourhelp,wewouldgetintotrouble.与过去事实相反从句动词：had+过去分词主句动词：should/would/could/might+have
2、+过去分词IfIhadbeenfree,Iwouldhavevisitedyou.IfBobhadcomewithus,hewouldhavehadagoodtime.Ifyouhadtakenmyadvice,youwouldnothavemadesuchamistake. 与将来事实相反从句动词：过去式/should+动词原形/were+不定式主句动词：should/would/could/might+动词原形Ifitshouldraintomorrow,wewouldnotgocamping.Wewouldstayathomeifitshouldraintomorrow.
3、IfIweretodotheexaminationIwoulddoitsomeotherway.注意:主句中的should只用于I、we，但在美国英语中，should常被would代替；从句中的should可用于各种人称，且不可以被would所代替。2.2混合虚拟结构2.2.1不同时间的虚拟Ifhehadlistenedtome,hewouldnotbeintroublenow.（从句与过去事实相反，主句与现在事实相反）Ifhehadtoldmeyesterday,Ishouldknowwhattodonow.（从句与过去事实相反，主句与现在事实相反）IfIwereyou,Iw
4、ouldhavegonetoherbirthdayparty.（从句与现在事实相反，主句与过去事实相反）2.2.2虚拟与陈述的混合Hecouldhavepassedtheexam,buthewasn’tcarefulenough.Youshouldhavecomeearlier.Thebusleftamomentago.例题解析：Thetreelookedasifit______foralongtime.A.hasn'twateredB.didn'twaterC.hadn'tbeewateredD.wasn'twatered那棵树看上去好象很久没人给浇水了。（答案是c）含蓄条件
5、句非真实条件句中的条件从句不出现if，假想条件只暗含在上下文中，这种句子叫做含蓄条件句。WhatwouldIhavedonewithoutyou?如没有你，我会怎么办呢？(条件暗含在分词短语withoutyou中)Itwouldbeeasiertodoitthisway.这样做会比较容易。(条件暗含在不定式短语todoitthisway中)Iwouldappreciatealittleofyourtime.谢谢你给我一点时间吧。(可能暗含ifyouweresokindastogivemealittleofyourtime)3.1without/butfor/intheabsen
6、ceof表示“要不是”，“如果没有”(相当于ifitwerenotfor)表示条件时，句中一般用虚拟语气。（也可用陈述语气）Withoutyourhelp,Icouldn'tfinishmyworkontime.Intheabsenceofwaterandair,nothingcouldlive.Butforyourassistance,wecouldnotaccomplishit.要不是你的帮忙，我们是难有成就的。3.2句中含有or,orelse,otherwise,but等词语，暗示句子的某一部分(前句或后句)需用虚拟语气。 HewasonbusinessinBeijing
7、atthattime;otherwisehemighthavehelpedus。 LuckilyMarytelephonedtoinformmeofthemeeting,orwouldhavebeenIabsent。 Ishouldhaveattendedmyfriend’sweddingceremony,butIcouldn’taffordthetime。7虚拟语气非真实条件句倒装省略连词if。在书面语中，如果虚拟条件从句中有were，had或should，可以把if省略，把这几个词放到主
