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1、虚拟语气：是谓语动词的一种特殊形式，用来表示假设、猜测、建议、主观愿望、夸张或空想，而非客观事实。一．虚拟语气在非真实条件句从句主句例句与现在事实相反的假设If+主语+助动词的过去式（were,did,had）主语+should/would/could/might+动词原形IfIhadtime,Iwouldattendthemeeting.IfIwereyou,Ishouldseizetheopportunitytogoabroad.与过去事实相反的假设If+主语+had+过去分词主语+should/would/could/might+have+过去分词Ifyouhadta
2、kenmyadvice,youwouldnothavefailedintheexam.与将来事实相反的假设①If+主语+动词过去式②If+主语+wereto+动词原形③If+主语+should+动词原形(注意不能是would)主语+should/would/could/might+动词原形Ifyoucametomorrow,wewouldhavethemeeting.Ifitweretoraintomorrow,wewouldputoffthesportsmeeting.Ifheshouldnotcometomorrow,weshouldputoffthemeetingti
3、llnextMonday.1.错综时间条件句（混合条件句）主句与从句的动作发生在不同的时间，这是主从句中谓语动词的虚拟语气形式因时间不同而不同。Ifyouhadaskedhimyesterday,youwouldknowwhattodonow.Ifyouhadfollowedmyadvicejustnow,youwouldbebetternow.1.虚拟语气倒装形式（省略if）虚拟条件句的从句部分如果含有were,should,had可以将if省略再把上述这些词移到句首实行倒装。IfIwereatschoolagain,Iwouldstudyharder.→WereIats
4、choolagain,Iwouldstudyharder.Ifyouhadcomeearlier,youwouldcatchthebus.→Hadyoucomeearlier,youwouldcatchthebus.Ifitshouldrain,thecropswouldbesaved.→Shoulditrain,thecropswouldbesaved.注：在倒装时，不能有缩略形式：Weren’titfortheexpense(*)→Wereitnotfortheexpense2.介词短语代替条件状语从句常用词：with,butfor,withoutWhatwouldyo
5、udowithamilliondollars?(=ifyouhadamilliondollars)Wecouldn’thavefinishedtheworkaheadoftimewithoutyourhelp.(=ifwehadn’tgotyourhelp)Withoutyourhelp,wecouldn’thavefinishedtheworkaheadoftime.=Butforyourhelp,…=Ifithadnotbeenforyourhelp,…=Haditnotbeenforyouhelp,…3.含蓄条件句有在虚拟语气中并不总是出现if引导的条件句，而是通过其
6、他手段来代替条件句。如：Iwasillthatday.Otherwise,Iwouldhavetakenpartinthesportsmeeting.(副词)Hetelephonedtoinformmeofyourbirthday,orIwouldhaveknownnothingaboutit.(连词)Amanwhostoppeddrinkingwaterwouldbedeadinaboutsevendays.(定语从句)Imighthavegivenyoumorehelp,butIwastoobusy.(连词)Everythingtakenintoconsideratio
7、n,theywouldhaveraisedtheiroutputquickly.(独立主格结构)二．虚拟语气在名词性从句1.虚拟语气用于宾语从句：在由suggest,demand,require,request,insist,order,command,propose等表示建议、请求、命令、愿望等动词或其同根词引出的名词从句中，名词从句虚拟句的谓语变化的形式只有一条规律——名词从句虚拟句无论其主句的谓语动词时何种形式，从句的谓语形式均为should+动词原形，其中should可以省去。（特别提醒：不是用would,
