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1、虚拟语气虚拟语气陈述语气：表示动作或状态是现实的、确定的或符合事实的，用于陈述句、疑问句和某些感叹句。如：0-0Therearetwosidestoeveryquestion./0-1Wereyoubusyalldayyesterday?祈使语气：表示说话人对对方的请求或命令。如：0-2Neverbelateagain!/0-3Don’tforgettoturnoffthelight.虚拟语气：表示动作或状态不是客观存在的事实，而是说话人的主观愿望、假设或推测等。如：0-4IfIwereabird,Icouldflyinthe
2、air.一真实条件与非现实条件真实条件表示现实情况中可能实现的情况而非真实条件表示与现实情况相反的假想。1-1Iftheworkingconditionsarenottoobad,Iwillacceptthejob.如果工作条件不太差，我会接受这项工作。(真实条件)1-2Iftheworkingconditionswerenottoobad,Iwouldacceptthejob.如果工作条件不太差，我就接受这项工作了。(非真实条件)(事实是Theworkingconditionsaretoobad,、Iwon'tacceptt
3、hejob)1-3Hesaidifhefailed,hewouldhaveanothertry.他说他如果失败，他还会再试一次。(真实条件)1-4Ifhehadfailed,hewouldhavehadanothertry.如果他失败的话，他会再试一次的。(非真实条件)(事实是Hedidn'tfailandhedidn'thaveanothertry.)二非真实条件句2.1if条件状语从句中的虚拟语气类别用法例句If引导的条件从句与现在事实相反从句动词：过去式（be用were）主句动词：should/would/could/m
4、ight+动词原形Ifitweren’tsnowing,wewouldn’tstayinthehouse.（事实上现在下雪）Ifhehurried,hecouldcatchthefirstbus.Ifitweren’tforyourhelp,wewouldgetintotrouble.与过去事实相反从句动词：had+过去分词主句动词：should/would/could/might+have+过去分词IfIhadbeenfree,Iwouldhavevisitedyou.IfBobhadcomewithus,hewouldha
5、vehadagoodtime.Ifyouhadtakenmyadvice,youwouldnothavemadesuchamistake. 与将来事实相反从句动词：过去式/should+动词原形/were+不定式主句动词：should/would/could/might+动词原形Ifitshouldraintomorrow,wewouldnotgocamping.Wewouldstayathomeifitshouldraintomorrow.IfIweretodotheexaminationIwoulddoitsomeothe
6、rway.注意:主句中的should只用于I、we，但在美国英语中，should常被would代替；从句中的should可用于各种人称，且不可以被would所代替。2.2混合虚拟结构2.2.1不同时间的虚拟Ifhehadlistenedtome,hewouldnotbeintroublenow.（从句与过去事实相反，主句与现在事实相反）Ifhehadtoldmeyesterday,Ishouldknowwhattodonow.（从句与过去事实相反，主句与现在事实相反）IfIwereyou,Iwouldhavegonetoher
7、birthdayparty.（从句与现在事实相反，主句与过去事实相反）2.2.2虚拟与陈述的混合Hecouldhavepassedtheexam,buthewasn’tcarefulenough.Youshouldhavecomeearlier.Thebusleftamomentago.例题解析：Thetreelookedasifit______foralongtime.A.hasn'twateredB.didn'twaterC.hadn'tbeewateredD.wasn'twatered那棵树看上去好象很久没人给浇水了。（
8、答案是c）三含蓄条件句非真实条件句中的条件从句不出现if，假想条件只暗含在上下文中，这种句子叫做含蓄条件句。WhatwouldIhavedonewithoutyou?如没有你，我会怎么办呢？(条件暗含在分词短语withoutyou中)Itwouldbeeasiertodoit
