外科急诊创伤之脊椎损伤

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1、SpinalCordInjuriesL.Barnes,BS,CCEMT-P,NREMT-P“Amongallneurologicdisorders,thecosttosocietyofautomotiveSCIisexceededonlybythecostofmentalretardation.”NationalInstitutesofHealth33bonescomprisethespineFunctionSkeletalsupportstructureMajorportionofaxialsk

2、eletonProtectivecontainerforspinalcordVertebralBodyMajorweight-bearingcomponentAnteriortoothervertebraecomponentsSpinalAnatomyandPhysiologyVertebralColumnSizeofVertebraeC-1&C-2NovertebralbodySupportheadAllowforturningofheadVertebralbodysizeincreasethe

3、moreinferiortheybecomeLumbarspinehasstrongestandlargestBearweightofthebodySacral&CoccyxvertebraearefusedNovertebralbodySpinalAnatomyandPhysiologyVertebralColumnComponentsofVertebraeSpinalCanalOpeninginthevertebraethatthespinalcordpassesthroughPedicles

4、Thick,bonystructuresthatconnectthevertebralbodytothespinousandtransverseprocessesLaminaePosteriorbonesofvertebraethatmakeupforamenTransverseProcessBilateralprojectionsfromvertebraeMuscleattachmentandarticulationlocationwithribsSpinalAnatomyandPhysiolo

5、gyVertebralColumnComponentsofVertebraeSpinousProcessPosteriorprominenceonvertebraeIntervertebralDisksCartilagenouspadbetweenvertebraeServesasshockabsorberSpinalAnatomyandPhysiologyVertebralColumn(continued)VertebralLigamentsAnteriorLongitudinalAnterio

6、rsurfaceofvertebralbodiesProvidesmajorstabilityofthespinalcolumnResistshyperextensionPosteriorLongitudinalPostersurfaceofvertebralbodiesinspinalcanalPreventshyperflexionSpinalAnatomyandPhysiologyVertebralColumnCervicalSpine7vertebraeSolesupportforhead

7、Headweighs16-22poundsC-1(Atlas)SupportsHeadSecurelyaffixedtotheocciputPermitsnoddingC-2(Axis)OdontoidProcess(Dens)ProjectsupwardProvidespivotpointsoheadcanrotateC-7Prominentspinousprocess(vertebraprominens)SpinalAnatomyandPhysiologyDivisionsoftheVerte

8、bralColumnThoracicSpine12vertebrae1stribarticulateswithT-1AttachestotransverseprocessandvertebralbodyNextnineribsattachtotheinferiorandsuperiorportionofadjacentvertebralbodiesLimitsribmovementandprovidesincreasedrigidityLargerandstrongerthance