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1、CohesionandCoherence衔接与连贯Someexamples:Eg.(1)A:Howoldisyourson?B:Heisseven.(2)A:Howoldisyourson?B:Sheisplayinginthegarden.Explanation:(2)issemanticallyincoherent,shehasnoreferent.Eg.a.ClaireandKentclimbedMt.McKinleylastsummer.b.Shephotographedthepeak,andhesurveyedit.Eg.Myfath
2、eronceboughtaLincolnconvertible.Hediditbysavingeverypennyhecould.Thatcarwouldbe-worthafortunenowadays.However,hesoldittohelppayformycollegeeducation.SometimesIthinkI'dratherhavetheconvertible1IntroductiontoCohesionandCoherenceCohesionandcoherencearetermsusedindiscourseanalys
3、isandtextlinguisticstodescribethepropertiesofwrittentexts.1.1CohesionCohesionmeans"theuseofexplicitlinguisticdevicestosignalrelationsbetweensentencesandpartsoftexts."Thesecohesivedevicesarephasesorwordsthathelpthereaderassociatepreviousstatementswithsubsequentones.Youmightth
4、inkofcohesionasameansofestablishingconnectionswithinatextatallsortsofdifferentlevels,e.g.,section,paragraphs,sentencesandevenphrases.Cohesioncanbethoughtofasallthegrammaticalandlexicallinksthatlinkonepartofatexttoanother.Thisincludesuseofsynonyms,lexicalsets,pronouns,verbten
5、ses,timereferences,grammaticalreference,etc.Forexample,'it','neither'and'this'allrefertoanideapreviouslymentioned.'Firstofall','then'and'afterthat'helptosequenceatext.'However','inaddition'and'forinstance'linkideasandargumentsinatext.Cohesionisthegluethatholdsapieceofwriting
6、together.Inotherwords,ifapaperiscohesive,itstickstogetherfromsentencetosentenceandfromparagraphtoparagraph.Cohesivedevicescertainlyincludetransitionalwordsandphrases,suchastherefore,furthermore,orforinstance,thatclarifyforreaderstherelationshipsamongideasinapieceofwriting.Ho
7、wever,transitionsaren'tenoughtomakewritingcohesive.Repetitionofkeywordsanduseofreferencewordsarealsoneededforcohesion.1.2CoherenceCoherencecanbethoughtofashowmeaningsandsequencesofideasrelatetoeachother.Itsuggestssemanticunity.Typicalexampleswouldbegeneral>particular;stateme
8、nt>example;problem>solution;question>answer;claim>counter-claim.Weshouldfir
