资源描述：
《敦煌莫高窟英语论文》由会员上传分享，免费在线阅读，更多相关内容在学术论文-天天文库。
1、MogaoCavesMogaoCavesorMogaoGrottoesiscommonlyknownasThousandBuddhasCave.ItislocatedinDunhuangwhichisinthewestofGansuCorridor,anoasisstrategicallylocatedatareligiousandculturalcrossroadsontheSilkRoad.MogaoCavesisfamouswithitselegantmuralsandstatuesaroundtheworld.Itisthenationkeyculturalrelicpres
2、ervationorgan.MogaoCaveshasahistoryofmorethan1600years.Althoughitisattackedanddamagedbythenatureorpeopleinalonglongtime,MogaoCavesstillowns492caves,2415bodysculpture,themuralsofmorethan45000squaremeters,5timberworkbuildingsofTangandSongDynastyfromtheNorthernWeiDynasty,thelateXiWei,NorthernZhou,
3、NorthernQi,SuiandTangDynasty,FiveDynasties,SongDynasty,Xixia,YuanDynasty,etc.Thefirstcavesweredugout366ADasplacesofBuddhistmeditationandworship.[2]TheMogaoCavesarethebestknownoftheChineseBuddhistgrottoesand,alongwithLongmenGrottoesandYungangGrottoes,areoneofthethreefamousancientBuddhistsculptur
4、alsitesofChina.HistoryInordertoprotectagainsttheXiongnu,theHanDynastyEmperorWudisetupDunhuangasafrontiergarrisonoutpostin111BC.ItalsobecameanimportantgatewaytotheWest,acentreofcommercealongtheSilkRoad,aswellasameetingplaceofvariouspeopleandreligionssuchasBuddhism.TheconstructionoftheMogaoCavesn
5、earDunhuangcandatebacktothefourthcenturyAD.Inthefirstplace,thecavesservedonlyasaplaceofmeditationforhermitmonks,butdevelopedtoservethemonasteriesthatsprungupnearbyintheearlyperiods,andbytheSuiandTangdynasties,MogaoCaveshadbecomeaplaceofworshipandpilgrimageforthepublic.DuringtheTangDynasty,alarg
6、enumberofthecaveswereconstructedatMogaointhatDunhuanghadbecamethemainhubofcommerceoftheSilkRoadandamajorreligiouscentre.TherearethetwolargestatuesofBuddhaatthesite,thelargestoneconstructedin695followinganedictayearearlierbyTangEmpressWuZetiantobuildgiantstatuesacrossthecountry.Afterthecataclysm
7、icAnShiRebellion,DunhuangwasoccupiedbyTibetanregimeinancientChinaandvoluntaryarmy,butitaffectslittle.AftertheTangDynasty,thesitewentintoagradualdecline,andconstructionofnewcavesceasedentirelyaftertheYuanDynasty.Intheearly1900s,aCh
