多发性神经病PPT课件

《多发性神经病PPT课件》由会员上传分享，免费在线阅读，更多相关内容在教育资源-天天文库。

1、急性炎症性脱髓鞘性多发性神经病AcuteInflammatoryDemyelinatingPolyneuropathy,AIDP1IntroductionLandry-Landry'sparalysis1859Landryreportedanacute,ascending,predominantlymotorparalysiswithrespiratoryfailure,leadingtodeathGuillair-Barre19162例Guillain,Barreandstrohl(1916)reportedabenignpolyneuritiswitha

2、lbuminocytologicdissociationintheCSF(raisedconcentrationofCSFproteinbutanormalcellcount)蛋白细胞分离是本病的特征2GuillainBarreLandryStrohl3IntroductionIn1956,CMillerFisherdescribedatriadofacuteophthalmoplegia,ataxia,andareflexia,nowknownasFisher’ssyndromeDuringthepast15years,GBShasbecomecleart

3、hatthisclinicalpicture,nowcalledGuillain-Barrésyndrome,andhavedifferentpathologicalsubtypes4EpidemiologyWorldwideincidence0.6-4/100000peryearthroughouttheworldChinaincidence0.66per100000forallages可发生于任何年龄，男女发病率相似，夏秋多见56临床表现：中国儿童和青少年，夏初。EMG：轴索损害，AMAN。EMG符合AMAN的为65％，符合AIDP的为24％。66％有C

4、J抗体，42％有GM1抗体，其他神经节苷脂抗体为17－26％。与西方国家不同，GM1抗体与AMAN或AIDP无关。近来发现AMAN与GD1a抗体相关密切。7临床表现：中国病理：AMAN：IgG和补体在轴索周围沉积，巨噬细胞侵入轴索周围间隙，严重者有轴索变性。AIDP：IgG和补体在髓鞘外沉积，巨噬细胞也在髓鞘外，“撕开”髓鞘。AMSAN：感觉轴索比运动轴索损害重。EMG不能预测病理。8PathogenesisandPathophysiologyThecauseofthissyndromeisunknown,butitisgenerallyviewedtobe

5、anautoimmuneresponsetoabacterialorviralinfection.病因尚未完全阐明9EtiologyCampylobacterJejuniEpstein-BarrVirus(EBV)Cytomegalovirus(CMV)HIVVaccinations···········空肠肠弯曲菌10PathogenesisandPathophysiologyAnacuteimmune-mediatedpolyneuropathy,componentofpathogenwassimilarwithmyelinsheathofperiphe

6、ralnerve与感染有关的自身免疫性疾病,病原体某些成分与周围神经的髓鞘成分相似11Pathophysiology主要病理特点(principalcharacteristicofpathology)节段性脱髓鞘(segmentaldemyelization)小血管周围炎性细胞浸润12131415Clinicalmanifestations多数患者有前驱症状(起病前1~3周）呼吸道感染症状喉痛、鼻塞、发热消化道症状腹泻、呕吐16ClinicalmanifestationsProgressiveascendingsymmetricalweaknessofthe

7、limbsInvolvementofproximalanddistalmusclesNumbnessandtinglinginthehandsandfeetBackpain17ClinicalmanifestationsDepressedorabsentreflexesInvolvementofcranialnerves(facialnervesmostcommonlyinvolved)Respiratoryfailure(involvedrespiratorymuscles)Progressiontopeakdisabilityin4wkautonomic

8、nervesymptom18AssessmentCe