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1、SegmentedWorldsandSelfCroupLifeandIndividualConsciousnessThispageintentionallyleftblankSegmentedWorldsandSelfGroupLifeandIndividualConsciousnessYi-FuTuanUNIVERSITYOFMINNESOTAPRESSMINNEAPOLISCopyright©1982bytheUniversityofMinnesota.Allrightsreserved.Pu
2、blishedbytheUniversityofMinnesotaPress,2037UniversityAvenueSoutheast,Minneapolis,MN55414PrintedintheUnitedStatesofAmerica.LibraryofCongressCataloginginPublicationDataTuan,Yi-Fu,1930-Segmentedworldsandself.Includesbibliographicalreferencesandindex.1.Se
3、lf-perception.2.Socialrelations.I.Title.BF697.T74302.581-23094ISBN0-8166-1108-4AACR2ISBN0-8166-1109-2(pbk.)TheUniversityofMinnesotaisanequalopportunityeducatorandemployer.ToJ.B.JacksonThispageintentionallyleftblankAcknowledgmentsIhappilyacknowledgemyg
4、ratitudetoIvorWintonforhishelpwiththechapteron"FoodandManners,"toTomEngelhardtforhisde-tailedcriticismofanearlydraftofthebook,toSu-changWangforthehandsomediagrams,toRobertWinthropfortheenlighteningdis-cussionsoncommunityandtradition,totheUniversityofM
5、innesotaforthequarterleavewithpay(afelicitousarrangementthathasdonesomuchtostimulatefacultyproductivity),andtotheeditorsoftheUniversityPresswhoseadviceandencouragementovertheyearsaredeeplyappreciated.ThispageintentionallyleftblankContentsWHOLE1.Segmen
6、tation,Consciousness,andSelf32.CohesiveWholes14PARTS3.FoodandManners354.HouseandHousehold525.TheaterandSociety866.AmbienceandSight114SELF7.Self1398.SelfandReconstitutedWholes168Notes201Index217ThispageintentionallyleftblankWHOLEThispageintentionallyle
7、ftblank1Segmentation,Consciousness,andSelfnanyseriousreflectiononhumanbeingsandsociety,wetendtoIcomeupagainstthebipolarcategoriesofawholeanditsparts,agroupanditsindividualmembers,publicandprivate,agivenorapubliclyacknowledgedrealityanditssubjectiveper
8、ception.ThesecategoriesandtheirpairedjuxtapositionsareparticularlyprominentinthehistoryofWesternthought.Morethanpeopleinothercultures,Westernthinkershaveponderedthebasicquestionofhowselfandgrouparerelated,fortheyhavecometorealizethattothisques