2011级话语分析复习资料 2

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1、一、英汉术语翻译二、术语简述（60个单词以上）1.Thelinearisationproblem发话者、写作者选择某种顺序将单个的词排列成句、句排列成章的过程即为“线性化问题”Oneoftheconstraintsonthespeaker/writeristhathecanproduceonlyonewordatatime.Whenheordersthesesinglewordsintosentences,andthosesentencesintotexts,heconfrontswhathasbeencalledTheli

2、nearisationproblem2.SubsititutionTheprocessorresultofreplacingonewordbyanotherataparticularpositioninastructureiscalledsubstitution.A:I’velostmydictionary.B:Getanewone.(one=dictionary)3.Cotext4.CohesionCohesionisanimportantfieldofstudyindiscourseanalysis.Itrefersto

3、thegrammaticaland/orlexicalrelationshipbetweendifferentelementsofadiscourse.Thismaybetherelationshipbetweendifferentsentencesorbetweendifferentpartsofasentence.Itactuallyconcernsthequestionofhowsentencesareexplicitlylinkedtogetherinadiscoursebydifferentkindsofovert

4、devices.5.themeThemereferstoaformalcategoryintheanalysisofsentences(orclauseinacomplexorcompoundsentence).Itistheleft-mostconstituentofthesentence.Ithastwomainfunctions:first,connectingbackandlinkingintothepreviousdiscoursemaintainingacoherentpointofview;second,ser

5、vingasapointofdepartureforthefuturedevelopmentofthediscourse.6.endophoricrelations7.referenceTraditionally,therelationshipwhichholdsbetweenwordsandthingsistherelationshipofreference:wordsrefertothings.Thediscourseanalystappealstotheviewthatitisthatthespeakerrefersb

6、yusingsomeappropriateexpression:heinveststheexpressionwithreferencebytheactofreferring;indiscourseanalysis,referenceistreatedasanactiononthepartofthespeakerorwriter.98.displacedcontext9.transactionalfunctionThefunctionwhichlanguageservesintheexpressionofcontentwill

7、bedescribedastransactionalfunction.Linguists,philosophersoflanguageandpsycho-linguistspayparticularattentiontotheuseoflanguageforthetransmissionoffactualorpropositionalinformationandtheymakethegeneralassumptionthatthemostimportantfunctionisthecommunicationofinforma

8、tion.Thelanguagewhichisusedtoconvey“factualofpropositionalinformation”iscalledprimarilytransactionallanguage.10.hyponymyHyponymyreferstothesenser