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1、Lesson7TranslationofNegation,Numerical&Multiple7.1TranslationofNegationNegationinformandmeaning/sense7.1.1CompleteNegationA)“no,not,nobody,none,nowhere,neither,nor”,etc.--------negative(Chinese)e.g.Apartfromtheobviouslyarithmeticalworklikepaycalculations,thereismuchworkwh
2、ichcanbeputintoamathematicalformalthoughatfirstsightitmaynotappeartohaveanythingtodowitharithmetic.除了像计算机付款这样明显的算术工作之外,还有许多工作可以表述为数学形式,虽然乍看起来他们与算术一点关系都没有。7.1.1CompleteNegationB)emphasisonnegation:“never,not…atall,cannotpossibly,bynomeans,innoway,none,nothing,notnearly,sho
3、rtof”etc.------emphasisonnegationinChinese.e.g.Inthiscase,thecuttingtool,thatis,thedrill,turnsfast,buttheworkpiecedoesn’tmoveatall.在这种情况下,切削刀具,即钻头,快速运转,但工件却根本不动。7.1.2PartialNegationA)“not”+”every,all,both,always,each,many,much,often”,etc.or:“not”+Verbs(句子的谓语动词)------“不全是”
4、,“不总是”,“并非都”,etc.e.g.Eclipsesarenotseenineverypartoftheworld.不是在世界上所有地方都能看到日食和月食的。Noteachtransistorintheboxisoutoforder.盒子里的晶体管并非每个都是坏的。7.1.2PartialNegationB)adverbsindicatingnegationsuchas“scarcely”,“hardly”,“rarely”,“seldom”,“barely”,“few”,“little”,etc.e.g.Atthesametime
5、,itisnoticedthatthesoundbecomesgraduallyweaker,untilitscarcelyaudiblealthoughthebellisstillringing.同时人们会注意到,尽管电铃仍在响,但是声音逐渐变弱,直至几乎听不到。7.1.3Negationinsense/meaningWords&phrasesshowingnegation:“缺陷,缺少,脱落,排除,忽略,不知”5.1.3.1someverbsandverbalphrasessuchas“deny”,“fail”,“neglect”,“
6、lack”,“ignore”,“refuse”,“miss”,“exclude”,“refrain”,“prevent…from”,“save…from”,“protect…from”,“keep…from”,etc.e.g.Thevalueoflossinthisequationissosmallthatwecanoverlookit.在此方程式中,损耗值太小,可以忽略不计。7.1.3.1Keepthepetroleumfromthefire.Itwillburstintoflame.别让石油挨近火,否则会烧起来的。Theexperim
7、entfailedofsuccess.实验没有成功。Hismannersarestilltobepolished.他不够风度。7.1.3.2negationreflectedbyabstractnounssuchas“absence”,“ignorance”,“exclusion”,“neglect”,“scarcity”,“lack”,etc.(抽象名词表示否定)e.g.Perhapsmoreimportantfortoday’sengineeringapplicationsisthelackoflargephysicalandvirt
8、ualmemoriesonPCs.对于当今的工程应用来说,也许更为重要的是PC机上缺少大容量的物理内存和虚拟内存。Afewinstrumentsareinastateofneglect.一些仪
