architecture of defense 2004

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1、THEUNIVERSITYOFCHICAGOTHEARCHITECTUREOFDEFENSE:FORTIFIEDSETTLEMENTSOFTHELEVANTDURINGTHEMIDDLEBRONZEAGEVOLUMEONEADISSERTATIONSUBMITTEDTOTHEFACULTYOFTHEDIVISIONOFTHEHUMANITIESINCANDIDACYFORTHEDEGREEOFDOCTOROFPHILOSOPHYDEPARTMENTOFNEAREASTERNLANGUAGESANDCIVILIZATIONSBYAARONALEXANDERBURK

2、ECHICAGO,ILLINOISJUNE2004COPYRIGHT©2004byAaronAlexanderBurkeAllrightsreserved.CONTENTSVOLUMEONELISTOFFIGURES.............................................................................................................ixLISTOFTABLES.....................................................

3、.........................................................xiPREFACE........................................................................................................................xiiACKNOWLEDGMENTS................................................................................

4、...................xivABBREVIATIONS..........................................................................................................xviiINTRODUCTION:PREVIOUSSCHOLARSHIPONMIDDLEBRONZEAGEFORTIFICATIONSINTHELEVANTANDTHEPRESENTSTUDY...............................................

5、........................1CHAPTERONE:THESTUDYOFMIDDLEBRONZEAGEFORTIFICATIONSINTHELEVANT.2A.TheOrganizationofThisStudy......................................................................3B.TheGeographicalandChronologicalScopeofThisStudy............................5C.IssuesRelatedtoCh

6、ronologyinThisStudy...................................................8D.PreviousScholarshiponMiddleBronzeAgeFortificationsintheLevant..111.TheHyksos,theHurrians,andtheOriginofRampartFortifications.......122.TheChariotandtheBatteringRam................................................

7、..........143.EarlyTypologiesofRampartFortifications.............................................174.TheOriginsofRampartsRevisited...........................................................195.WeaponryandtheMilitaryRoleofMBDefenses...................................236.TypologiesforM

8、BFortificati