(0171)《美国文学史及选读》复习思考题答案

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1、（0171）《美国文学史及选读》复习思考题答案I.Writeouttheauthors’namesofthefollowingworks.(15)BenjaminFranklinT.S.EliotJamesCooperWaltWhitmanJamesBaldwellErnestHemingwayJosephHellerJohnSteinbeckWilliamFaulknerMarkTwainWashingtonIrvingErnestHemingwayRobertFrostToniMorrisonRalphEllisonEugen

2、eO’NeillJohnSteinbeckAllanPoeF.ScottFitzgeraldTennesseeWilliamsWashingtonIrvingRobertFrostNathanielHawthorneHermanMelvilleEugeneO’NeillMarkTwainWilliamFaulknerRobertFrostArthurMillerJamesCooperH.D.ThoreauHenryJamesWhitmanJackLondonJackLondonO’NeillII.Definethefollowin

3、gliteraryterms.(20)Beatgeneration:ThetermwascoinedbyJackKerouacin1948torefertoagroupofdisillusionedwritersfollowingWorldWarTwo.Later,thisliteraryandculturalmovementcontinuedintothe1960s.TheBeatGenerationmustnotbeconfusedwiththeLostGenerationofwriters.Spokesmenandrepre

4、sentativesoftheBeatGenerationwereJackKerouac,AllenGinsbergandothers.TheyrevoltedagainstanAmericathatwasmaterialistic,belligerentandfrustrating.Social,intellectualandsexualfreedomwasadvocated.Traditionalcultureandnormalsocialbehaviorwereattackedandviolated.Manyofthemwe

5、redrugaddictswearinglonghairanddirtyclothes.Theywerefondofslangsandjazz.MasterpiecescreatedbywritersofthisgroupincludeKerouac’sOntheRoadandGinsberg’sHowlandOtherPoems,whichwereregardedaspocketBiblesofthatgeneration.OtherprominentBeatsincludeWilliamS.Burroughs,Lawrence

6、Ferlinghetti,GregoryCorso,MichaelMcClure,andNealCassady.TheBeatGeneration,hadgreatlyinfluencedthecounterculturalmovementsofthe1960sandtheadolescentsandadultsinothercountries.InEngland,the“angryyoungmen”madeanechoandimitatedtheAmerican“beatnik.”Protagonist:theprincipal

7、characterinaplayorstory;thecentralcharacterwhoservesasafocusforthework’sthemesandincidentsandastheprincipalrationaleforitsdevelopment;andonewhoisopposedtotheantagonist.InthebeginningofancientGreekdrama,therewereonlyachorusandoneactor—theleaderofthechorus.Thespisinvent

8、edthefirstactor.ThenAeschylusandSophoclesaddedthesecondandthirdactorstothetragedyrespectively.ThethreeactorswerenamesProtago