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1、计算机导论考试重点（Keypointsofcomputerintroductionexamination）ThecachememoryreadandwritespeedandeasethemaincontradictionofCPUrunningspeedcannotmeettheneeds;morestoragespaceforvirtualmemorytosolvetheproblemofmemorycapacityissmall,cannotsavethelargerprogramwithmoredata,so
2、astomaketherenovationofmemorysystemhashigherspeed,morereadingandwritinglargestoragespace,therelativelylowcostofmanufacturingandoperatingrequirements.Thepursuitofarenovatedmemorysystemwithhigherperformancepriceratioisthecoreideaofthethreelevelstoragearchitecture
3、.Theoperatingprincipleofthememorysystemofthethreestagestructureisbasedonthelocalityprincipleoftheprogramrunning.Thelocalprincipleofprogramoperationisembodiedin:(1)thelocalprincipleoftime.Inashortperiodoftime,therecentlyaccessedprogramsanddataarelikelytobeaccess
4、edagain.(2)theprincipleofspatiallocality.Thatis,recently,itisoftenconcentratedinasmallstoragearea.(3)localityprincipleofinstructionexecutionsequence.Instructionsequenceexecutionismorelikelythantransferexecution.Inathreestagememorysystem,thestoredinformationmust
5、satisfythefollowingprinciples:ConsistencyprincipleThatis,thesameinformationwillbestoredinseverallevelsofmemoryatthesametime,thisinformationmustbekeptthesamevalueinseverallevelsofmemory.InclusionprincipleIntheinnerlayer(closetoCPU)inmemoryofinformationmustbeincl
6、udedinthememoryoftheouterlayers,namelyalltheinformationinthememoryisacopyoftheinnerpartoftheouterinformationstoredinmemory,thisistoensurethenormaloperationoftheprocedures,toachieveinformationsharing,improvetheutilizationrateofrequiredsystemresources.Notvicevers
7、a.10.whatisaninterface?Whatisitsmainfunction?Answer:theproblemofdataexchangewillbringintothecorrespondinglogiccomponentsbetweensynchronizationandcoordination,dataformatconversioninthehostandperipherals,theselogiccomponentsarecalledinputandoutputinterface,referr
8、edtoastheinterface.Thebasicfunctionsoftheinput/outputinterfaceare:(1)torealizedatabufferingandprovidedatabuffermechanismintheprocessofexchanginginformationbetweenhostandequi
