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1、QuinocetoneIntroductionQuinocetoneis3-methyl-2-cinnimacyl-quinoxaline-1,4-dioxideinchemistry.Thecompoundwasselectedandsynthesizedin1983byLanzhouinstituteofanimalandveterinarypharmaceuticsciences,CAAS.Quinocetonewasnamedafteritschemicalstructure,andwasresearchedanddevelopedasanovelanimaldrugandadd
2、itive.Itsresearchresultswerereportedcontinuously.From2000on,quinocetonewasfurtherdevelopedbybothLanzhouinstituteofanimalandveterinarypharmaceuticsciences,CAAS,andChinaNationalTownshipEnterprisesCorporation.Industrialproductionsofquinocetoneanditspremixwerecarriedoutintheendof2003.Theresultsofchem
3、istryshowedagreatnumberofgoodconclusions.Thestructureofquinocetonewasaffirmed.Itsmaterialswereeasilyboughtandsyntheticprocedurewasfewandeasy.Productionrateofquinocetonewashigh.Wastewaslittleandwaseasilydealwith.Quinocetonewasfittedtoproductionanditscontentwaseasytodetermine.Theresultsofpharmacolo
4、gyandclinicofquinocetoneprovidebaseforfurtherstudy.Quinocetonewaswideantibacterialrangeandinhibitedmanypathogenbacteriaspecialtobacteriaintract.Itcanmakeincidenceofdiarrheaofpoultryandlivestocktolow50%~70%.Thebestdosagesofquinocetonetopromotegrowthofchickens,pigs,fishwere75ppm,50ppmand75ppm，respe
5、ctively.Similarly,theaverageincreaseratesinweightwere17.8%,15.0%and30.1%,andtheaverageratebetweenfoodandmeatintheendofexperimentweremore11.8%,9%and17.7%thanthatinthebeginning.Toxicologystudiesindicatedthatquinocetonewasnotoxicity.TheLD50ofquinocetoneinmicewas14398mg/kg.Quinocetonehasnocumulatious
6、effectinmice’sbody.Afteraddingquinocetonetofeedwith50ppm,75ppm,100ppm,150ppm,300ppmfor90days,biochemistryindexinmicewerenormal.Fivemiceineachgroupwerechosentodissectandexamine.Abnormityandtoxicandsideeffectwerenotfound.TheNOEL(noobservedeffectlevel)ofquinocetoneinratswas32.8(mg/kgbw·d).Choosingth
7、edosewhichwastwotofourtimesofapproveddosetofeedratsfortwentymonthscontinuously,therewasnotoxicandsideeffect,andthephysiologyandbiochemistryindexwerealsonormal.Specialtoxicologyandenvironmenttoxicologystudiesindicatedth
