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1、QuinocetoneIntroductionQuinocetoneis3-methyl-2-cinnimacyl-quinoxaline-1,4-dioxideinchemistry.Thecompoundwasselectedandsynthesizedin1983byLanzhouinstituteofanimalandveterinarypharmaceuticsciences,CAAS.Quinocetonewasnamedafteritschemicalstructure,andwasresearch
2、edanddevelopedasanovelanimaldrugandadditive.Itsresearchresultswerereportedcontinuously.From2000on,quinocetonewasfurtherdevelopedbybothLanzhouinstituteofanimalandveterinarypharmaceuticsciences,CAAS,andChinaNationalTownshipEnterprisesCorporation.Industrialprodu
3、ctionsofquinocetoneanditspremixwerecarriedoutintheendof2003.Theresultsofchemistryshowedagreatnumberofgoodconclusions.Thestructureofquinocetonewasaffirmed.Itsmaterialswereeasilyboughtandsyntheticprocedurewasfewandeasy.Productionrateofquinocetonewashigh.Wastewa
4、slittleandwaseasilydealwith.Quinocetonewasfittedtoproductionanditscontentwaseasytodetermine.Theresultsofpharmacologyandclinicofquinocetoneprovidebaseforfurtherstudy.Quinocetonewaswideantibacterialrangeandinhibitedmanypathogenbacteriaspecialtobacteriaintract.I
5、tcanmakeincidenceofdiarrheaofpoultryandlivestocktolow50%~70%.Thebestdosagesofquinocetonetopromotegrowthofchickens,pigs,fishwere75ppm,50ppmand75ppm，respectively.Similarly,theaverageincreaseratesinweightwere17.8%,15.0%and30.1%,andtheaverageratebetweenfoodandmea
6、tintheendofexperimentweremore11.8%,9%and17.7%thanthatinthebeginning.Toxicologystudiesindicatedthatquinocetonewasnotoxicity.TheLD50ofquinocetoneinmicewas14398mg/kg.Quinocetonehasnocumulatiouseffectinmice’sbody.Afteraddingquinocetonetofeedwith50ppm,75ppm,100ppm
7、,150ppm,300ppmfor90days,biochemistryindexinmicewerenormal.Fivemiceineachgroupwerechosentodissectandexamine.Abnormityandtoxicandsideeffectwerenotfound.TheNOEL(noobservedeffectlevel)ofquinocetoneinratswas32.8(mg/kgbw·d).Choosingthedosewhichwastwotofourtimesofap
8、proveddosetofeedratsfortwentymonthscontinuously,therewasnotoxicandsideeffect,andthephysiologyandbiochemistryindexwerealsonormal.Specialtoxicologyandenvironmenttoxicologystudiesindicatedth
