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1、OFPOLITICSEDWARDJENKS,M.A.AI-fi'K/.^^^fNEWYORHE.P.DUTTON&COMPANY681FifiKAvenvieCopyright,1900BytheMACMILLANCOMPANYSetupandelectrotypedApril,1900ReprintedSeptember,1902January,1907,January,1909July,1918PREFACESometenyearsagoSirFrederickPollockpublishedavaluableandinterestinglittlebo
2、okonthehistoryofpoliti-calspeculation.*Buttheauthorisnotawarethatanyonehasyetattemptedtosummarizeinabrief,popularform,therecordofpoliticalaction.Ithasoccurred,therefore,tothepromotersofthisSeriesthatsuchasummarymightproveinteresting,ifonlybywayofcomparison.Thesepagesprofesstogive,th
3、en,abriefaccountofwhatmenhavedone,notofwhattheyhavethought,inthatimportantbranchofhumanactivitywhichwecallPoli-tics,ortheArtofGovernment.Butifitshouldbeob-jectedthatwhatmendoisreallyalwaystheoutcome,moreorlessperfect,ofwhattheythink,theansweris,thatwerecognize,forpracticalpurposes,a
4、distinctionbetweenwhattheworld,intheoryatleast,believestobebest,andthatwhichitactuallysucceedsinachieving.Andacom-parisonofthetwoobjectscanhardlyfailtobeinstructive.Totheother,andinevitableobjection,thatitisimpos-sible,withinthenarrowlimitsofapopularsketch,todealwithsuchasubjectasth
5、eHistoryofPolitics,theauthor*"AnIntroductiontotheHistoryoftheScienceofPolitics."By(Sir)FrederickPollock.London,i8go.Aneweditionhasrecentlybeenpublished.(v)viPREFACEwillreplywiththedoctrinewhich,paradoxicalasitmaysound,isyetmaintainedbyveryablewriters,thatthegreaterthesubjectthesmall
6、erthespaceinwhichitcanbetreated.Readerswhocaretoseepartsofthesubjectworkedoutingreaterdetailmaybereferredtotheauthor's"LawandPoliticsintheMiddleAges"(Murray,1898).Oxford,January,1900.CONTENTSINTRODUCTORYCHAPTERPAGBI.TypesofSocietyiTYPEI—SAVAGESOCIETYII.SavageOrganization6TYPEII—PATR
7、IARCHALSOCIETYIII.PatriarchalSocietyinGenerali6IV.TheDomesticationofAnimals23V.TribalOrganization32VLAgricultureandtheClan44VII.IndustryandtheGild62TYPEIII—MODERN(POLITICAL)SOCIETYVIII.TheStateandFeudalism73IX.EarlyPoliticalInstitutions84X.TheStateandProperty97XLTheStateandJustice11
8、2(vii)vViiCONTENTSC
