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1、校本课程开发的实践反思庆阳市东方红小学李旺琴随着我国新一轮基础教育课程改革的启动与发展,校本课程开始成为基础教育课程发展的一个重要方面。校本课程是在学校本土生成的,既能体现各校的办学宗旨、学生的特别需要和本校的资源优势,又与国家课程、地方课程紧密结合的一种具有多样性和可选择性的课程。随着新课程改革的全面铺开,校本课程开发是否成功,是衡量新课程改革的一个及其重要的参考指标。2005年我校承担了浙江省重点课题《基于校本课程开发的教师成长研究》。经过三年的实践研究,我们深深地认识到,校本课程的开发要依据党的教育方针、国家或地方的课
2、程计划、学校办学理念、学生需要评估以及学校的课程资源,应充分利用学校内外的课程资源,充分体现学校办学特色。校本课程开发以教师为主体,其开发的过程也是教师专业成长的过程。 一、确立新的课程理念 meettheconstructiondrawingsprovidedstrengthandworkabilityofconstructionrequirements,mixingratiomustbedeterminedbytest.Constructionwhenyouneedtochangethemixofceme
3、ntitiousmaterial,retesting,andsubmittedtothesupervisorforapproval.(2)mixingofcementitiousmaterials,shouldbecarriedoutstrictlyaccordingtothetesttodeterminetheingredientsofingredients,notampering,ingredientweighingerrorsshouldbeallowedsubjecttothefollowing:cement±2%;
4、sand,gravelis±3%,water,additives±1%.(3)thecementitiousmaterialinthemixingprocessshouldremainofcoarseandfineaggregatewaterstability,accordingtochangesinmoisturecontentofaggregateandadjustwatertoensuretheaccuracyofthewater/cementratio.(4)mixingtimeofcementitiousmater
5、ials:mechanicalmixingofnotlessthan2~3min,notartificialmix.Localsmallartificialmixtureofdrymixatleastthreetimes,thenwet-mixtouniformcolor,canbeused.(5)withcementitiousmaterialsshouldbemixed.Cementitiousmaterialsallowedintervalshouldbedeterminedthroughexperiments,orr
6、efertothetableselected.Segregationduringtransportandstorage,watermortarandmasonrybeforemixingagain,initialsettingofcementitiousmaterialsshallnotbeused.Cementitiousmaterialsallowbreakswhenlayingtemperature(℃)allowedinterval(min),ordinaryPortlandcementandslagPortland
7、cement20~309012010~201351805~10195/8.4.5andpozzolanacementmasonrymasonrywithPucastingmethod,theprocessis:masonrypreparation–materialselection→putspulpplacedstone→...8.58.5.1masonrymortarforconstructionofmasonrysandinthesand,andsiftthesandshallnotincludegrass-rootsa
8、ndotherdebris.Sandclaydoesnotexceed5%.Mixingofmortar350Lmortarmixer.Mixingtime,finishedfeeding,andshallnotbelessthan1.5min,thebatchingprocess,cem