材料概论第二版复习资料

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1、材料概论第二版复习资料材料概论复习资料2CemntandconcreteThecompositionofcement:氧化钙，氧化铝，二氧化硅，三氧化二铁以及其他组分Thedefinitionofcement:Abinder（胶结料）,whichsets（凝结）andhardens（硬化）independently,andcanbindothermaterialstogether.*Cementsusedinconstructionarecharacterizedashydraulic（水硬性）ornon-hydraulic（非水

2、硬性）.Themostimportantuseofcementistheproductionofmortar(砂浆)andconcrete.C=CaO,S=SiO2,A=Al2O3,F=Fe2O3,M=MgO,HydrationreactionHydrationdegreeHydrationproductMicrostructuredevelopmentHeatevolvementConcreteThepropertiesofthefleshorplasticconcrete:1.thewetnessordrynessofthem

3、ixisreferredtoastheconsistencyorslump2.uniformityindicatesthattheconcreteismixedthoroughly,hasastandardappearance,andthatallingredientsareevenlydistributedinthemix.3.workabilityistheeasewithwhichconcreteisplacedandconsolidated.Water-cementratio:therelationbetweentheam

4、ountofwaterandcementusedinthepasteThepropertiesofhardenedconcrete1.hardenedconcreteshouldbedurable,strong,watertight,andresistanttoabrasion.2.concretemustbedurableenoughtowithstandextremeexposureconditionsandtogivelongservicewithaminimumofupkeep.3.themostdestructivewe

5、atheringfactorthatcanactonconcreteisthefreezingandthawingifconcretewhileitiswetormoist.4.concretemustbestrongenoughtocarrytheheavyloadsplacedonit.PolymermaterialsAPolymersismacromolecule(大分子）builtupbythelinkingtogetheroflargenumbersofmuchsmallermoleculesTheConstitutio

6、nalRepeatingUnit(CRU):isthesmallestpossiblerepeatingunitofthepolymerAdditionpolymerization:themostcommontypeofadditionpolymerizationisfreeradicalpolymerizationTherearethreesignificantreactionthattakeplaceinadditionpolymerization:initiationreaction,propagationreaction,

7、terminationreaction.Initiation:GenerationofreactionwithmonomertoformgrowingchainsPropagation:ChainextensionbyincrementalmonomeradditionPropagation:ChainextensionbyincrementalmonomeradditionThereexistsatypeofadditionpolymerizationthatdoesnotundergoaterminationreaction.

8、Thereactioncontinuesuntilthemonomersupplyhasbeenexhausted.PolycondensationistheabbreviationofcondensationandPolymerization.A