陆九渊“心学”与王阳明“心学”之比较

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1、苏州大学硕士学位论文陆九渊“心学”与王阳明“心学”之比较姓名：谢东生申请学位级别：硕士专业：中国哲学指导教师：蒋国保20100401陆九渊“心学”与王阳明“心学”之比较中文摘要中文摘要本文从陆九渊和王阳明独特的个人经历和所面临的不同理论课题出发，抓住他们心学的核心观念，采用比较分析的方法，对他们的心学思想进行了细致的比较。本文首先简要地梳理了心学思想发展的脉络，重点指出陆王对孟子、程颢心学思想的继承和对佛学的消化，继而亮出他们所面临的不同理论课题。在此基础之上，围绕“心即理"、“本心"与“良知”、“发明本心"与“致良知’’等关键

2、性概念，以朱熹理学作为参照，逐步地地分析了它们之间的异同及形成原因。本文认为，陆、王心学虽然合以并称，归于一派系，但由于多种因素，他们看起来相似的理论、观念，实际上却存在着较大的差异。陆九渊心学十分注重树立道德主体性，虽然整体上有粗疏、沿袭、不够彻底的毛病，但其本身蕴含着广阔的理论开拓空间。而王阳明心学之于陆学，本质上是开出了“‘为道’的内在义路’’。王学在整体上体现出圆融通透的品格，融心物、“心’’“理"、知行、体用为一体，融本体论、工夫论、境界观为一体。王学本质上是对陆学的纯化、深化和超越。关键词：陆九渊：王阳明；心学；心即

3、理；本心；良知；致良知作者：谢东生指导老师：蒋国保ThecomparisonbetweenLuJiuyuan’SMindphilosophyandWangYangming’SMindphilosophyAbstractThispaperstartsfromLuJiuyuanandWangYangming’Suniquepersonalexperiencesandissuesontheirdifferenttheories，seizesthecoreconceptoftheirTheories，thenmakesandetaile

4、dcomparisonbetweentheirMindTheorieswiththemethodofcomparativeanalysis．First，thispaperbrieflydescribesthedevelopmentalhistoryofMindTheory,highlightingtheinheritanceofMindTheoriesfromMengziandChengHaoandthedigestiononBuddhism，thenrevealstheirdifferenttheoreticalissuest

5、heyfaced．Onthisbasis，aroundthekeyconceptssuchasthe”MindisPrinciple，”¨OriginalMind’’and”intuitiveknowledge”，”realizingintuitiveknowledge”，takingZhuXi’SReasonTheoriesasareference，thepaperanalyzestheirdifferencesandsimilaritiesaswellasthereasonsstepbystep．Thispaperargue

6、sthatthoughLuandWang’SMindTheoriesareattributedtothesameschoolofthoughtandtheyhavemanysimilarities，however，becauseofvariousfactors，therearesignificantdifferencesbetweenthem．LuJiuyuan’SMindTheoryattachesgreatimportancetoestablishthemoralsubjectivity．Althoughoveralliti

7、sloose，followedandinexhaustive，thetheoryitselfcontainsextensiveopenspacefordevelopment．WangYangming’SMindTheoryhaddevelopedtheinnerroadof“ForDao”(为道)innatureandasawholetheTheoryofWangYangMingwasharmoniousandtranslucent．ItregardsMindandMatter,”Mind”and”Reason”，”knowin

8、ganddoing”，”bodyandfunction”asawhole，anditalsoregardsontology,GongfuTheoryandJingJieasawhole．Wang’STheoryisthepurification，deepenin