global change the future and the greenhouse effect

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1、GlobalChange–TheFutureSecondaryarticleandtheGreenhouseEffectArticleContents.IntroductionScottCDoney,NationalCenterforAtmosphericResearch,Boulder,Colorado,USA.GreenhouseGasesandAerosolsDavidSchimel,NationalCenterforAtmosphericResearch,Boulder,Colorado,USA

2、.TheClimateSystem.OceanBiogeochemistryandMarineEcosystems.TheTerrestrialBiosphereHumanactivitiesarecausingasignificantbuild-upofgreenhousegases(e.g.carbon.FutureResearchDirectionsdioxide,methaneandnitrousoxide)andaerosolsintheatmosphere,whichismodulatedi

3、npartbythelandbiosphereandocean.Modelprojectionsforthenextcenturysuggestthatthesechangesinatmosphericcompositionwillresultinsubstantialglobalwarmingandstrengtheningofthehydrologicalcycle,withpossiblyprofoundimpactsonterrestrialandmarineecosystems.Introdu

4、ctionGreenhouseGasesandAerosolsOverthelasttwocenturies,thecompositionoftheEarth’sAtthemostbasiclevel,themeansurfaceclimateoftheatmospherehasbeenalteredsubstantiallybyhumanEarthisdeterminedbytheradiativebalancebetweenactivities,includingfossilfuelburning,

5、agriculture,defor-incomingsunlightandoutgoinginfraredradiation.Atmo-estationandindustrialemissions.Inadditiontoregionalspherictracegasessuchascarbondioxide(CO2),methaneproblems,suchashigherlevelsoftroposphericozoneand(CH4),andwatervapour(H2O)playanimport

6、antrolebyotherformsofairpollution,thereisgrowingevidencethatabsorbinginfraredradiationandthustrappingheatnearthesechangeswillhaveasignificant,long-termimpactontheEarth’ssurfacemuchlikeablanket.Theresultingtheplanet’sclimateandbiota.Considerableresearcheffo

7、rt‘greenhouseeffect’isanaturalpartoftheclimatesystemisnowunderwaytounraveltheoftencomplexinteractionsandkeepstheplanet’saveragetemperaturesignificantlyandfeedbacksamongclimate,atmosphericchemistry,warmerthaniftherewerenoatmosphere.biogeochemistryandecosyst

8、emdynamicsunderpast,Theclimateeffectofairborneaerosolparticlesismorepresentandpotentialfutureconditions.complicated,eitherwarmingorcoolingthesurfaceAccurateprojectionsoffutureclimatechangeanditsdependingontheiralbedo,ameasu