linde a. particle physics and inflationary cosmology (web version, 2004)(269s)_pgrc_

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1、PARTICLEPHYSICSANDINFLATIONARYCOSMOLOGY1AndreiLindeDepartmentofPhysics,StanfordUniversity,StanfordCA94305-4060,USA1ThisistheLaTeXversionofmybook“ParticlePhysicsandInflationaryCosmology”(Harwood,Chur,Switzerland,1990).ContentsPrefacetotheSeriesixIntroduct

2、ionxCHAPTER1OverviewofUnifiedTheoriesofElementaryParticlesandtheInfla-tionaryUniverseScenario11.1Thescalarfieldandspontaneoussymmetrybreaking11.2Phasetransitionsingaugetheories61.3Hotuniversetheory91.4SomepropertiesoftheFriedmannmodels131.5Problemsofthesta

3、ndardscenario161.6Asketchofthedevelopmentoftheinflationaryuniversesce-nario251.7Thechaoticinflationscenario291.8Theself-regeneratinguniverse421.9Summary49CHAPTER2ScalarField,EffectivePotential,andSpontaneousSymmetryBreak-ing502.1Classicalandquantumscalarfie

4、lds502.2QuantumcorrectionstotheeffectivepotentialV(ϕ)532.3The1/Nexpansionandtheeffectivepotentialintheλϕ4/Ntheory592.4Theeffectivepotentialandquantumgravitationaleffects64CHAPTER3RestorationofSymmetryatHighTemperature673.1Phasetransitionsinthesimplestmodels

5、withspontaneoussymmetrybreaking673.2Phasetransitionsinrealistictheoriesoftheweak,strong,andelectromagneticinteractions723.3Higher-orderperturbationtheoryandtheinfraredprobleminthethermodynamicsofgaugefields74CHAPTER4PhaseTransitionsinColdSuperdenseMatter

6、784.1Restorationofsymmetryintheorieswithnoneutralcurrents78CONTENTSvii4.2Enhancementofsymmetrybreakingandthecondensationofvectormesonsintheorieswithneutralcurrents79CHAPTER5TunnelingTheoryandtheDecayofaMetastablePhaseinaFirst-OrderPhaseTransition825.1Ge

7、neraltheoryoftheformationofbubblesofanewphase825.2Thethin-wallapproximation865.3Beyondthethin-wallapproximation90CHAPTER6PhaseTransitionsinaHotUniverse946.1Phasetransitionswithsymmetrybreakingbetweentheweak,strong,andelectromagneticinteractions946.2Doma

8、inwalls,strings,andmonopoles99CHAPTER7GeneralPrinciplesofInflationaryCosmology1087.1Introduction1087.2TheinflationaryuniverseanddeSitterspace1097.3Quantumfluctuationsintheinflationaryuniverse1137.4Tunnelingintheinflationaryuniverse120