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1、PARTICLEPHYSICSANDINFLATIONARYCOSMOLOGY1AndreiLindeDepartmentofPhysics,StanfordUniversity,StanfordCA94305-4060,USAarXiv:hep-th/0503203v126Mar20051ThisistheLaTeXversionofmybook“ParticlePhysicsandInflationaryCosmology”(Harwood,Chur,Switzerland,1990).viAbstractThisistheLaTeXversionofmybook“Part
2、iclePhysicsandInflationaryCosmology”(Harwood,Chur,Switzerland,1990).Idecidedtoputittohep-th,tomakeiteasilyavailable.Manythingshappenedduringthe15yearssincethetimewhenitwaswritten.Inparticular,wehavelearnedalotaboutthehightemperaturebehaviorintheelectroweaktheoryandaboutbaryogenesis.Adiscover
3、yoftheaccelerationoftheuniversehaschangedthewaywearethinkingabouttheproblemofthevacuumenergy:Insteadoftryingtoexplainwhyitiszero,wearetryingtounderstandwhyitisanomalouslysmall.Recentcosmologicalobservationshaveshownthattheuniverseisflat,oralmostexactlyflat,andconfirmedmanyotherpredictionsofinfl
4、ationarytheory.Manynewversionsofthistheoryhavebeendeveloped,includinghybridinflationandinflationarymodelsbasedonstringtheory.Therewasasubstantialprogressinthetheoryofreheatingoftheuniverseafterinflation,andinthetheoryofeternalinflation.Itsclear,therefore,thatsomepartsofthebookshouldbeupdated,wh
5、ichImightdosometimesinthefuture.Ihope,however,thatthisbookmaybeofsomeinteresteveninitsoriginalform.IamusingitinmylecturesoninflationarycosmologyatStanford,supplementingitwiththediscussionofthesubjectsmentionedabove.IwouldsuggesttoreadthisbookinparallelwiththebookbyLiddleandLyth“CosmologicalI
6、nflationandLargeScaleStructure,”withthebookbyMukhanov“PhysicalFoundationsofCosmology,”whichistobepublishedsoon,andwithmyreviewarticlehep-th/0503195,whichcontainsadiscussionofsome(butcertainlynotall)oftherecentdevelopmentsininflationarytheory.ContentsPrefacetotheSeriesxIntroductionxiCHAPTER1Ov
7、erviewofUnifiedTheoriesofElementaryParticlesandtheInfla-tionaryUniverseScenario11.1Thescalarfieldandspontaneoussymmetrybreaking11.2Phasetransitionsingaugetheories61.3Hotuniversetheory91.4SomepropertiesoftheFriedmannmodels131.5Problemsofthestandardscenario16
