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1、2001年国际燃油污染损害民事责任公约四摘要：本文主要介绍了 在1994年IMO海洋环境保护委员会(MEPC)第三十八届会议上，澳洲提议MEPC发展国际燃油污染损害赔偿机制。MEPC随后请IMO法律委员会考虑，法律委员会于稍后的1995年第七十三届会议组成工作小组讨论此课题。实际上在1996年HNS公约起草阶段，IMO法律委员会曾建议将燃油污染纳入该公约，但因许多国家主张燃油污染应独立立法，而使燃油污染未被纳入1996年HNS公约架构之下的2001年国际燃油污染损害民事责任公约。 9.«Pollutiondamage»means: (a
2、)lossordamagecausedoutsidetheshipbycontaminationresultingfromtheescapeordischargeofbunkeroilfromtheship,whereversuchescapeordischargemayoccur,providedthatcompensationforimpairmentoftheenvironmentotherthanlossofprofitfromsuchimpairmentshallbelimitedtocostsofreasonablemeasur
3、esofreinstatementactuallyundertakenortobeundertaken;and (b)thecostsofpreventivemeasuresandfurtherlossordamagecausedbypreventivemeasures. 10.«Stateoftheship'sregistry»means,inrelationtoaregisteredship,theStateofregistrationoftheshipand,inrelationtoanunregisteredship,theSt
4、atewhoseflagtheshipisentitledtofly. 11.«Grosstonnage»meansgrosstonnagecalculatedinaccordancewiththetonnagemeasurementregulationscontainedinAnnex1oftheInternationalConventiononTonnageMeasurementofShips,1969. 12.«Organization»meanstheInternationalMaritimeOrganization. 13.
5、«Secretary-General»meanstheSecretary-GeneraloftheOrganization. Article2(Scopeofapplication) ThisConventionshallapplyexclusively: (a)topollutiondamagecaused: (i)intheterritory,includingtheterritorialsea,ofaStateParty,and (ii)intheexclusiveeconomiczoneofaStateParty,esta
6、blishedinaccordancewithinternationallaw,or,ifaStatePartyhasnotestablishedsuchazone,inanareabeyondandadjacenttotheterritorialseaofthatStatedeterminedbythatStateinaccordancewithinternationallawandextendingnotmorethan200nauticalmilesfromthebaselinesfromwhichthebreadthofitster
7、ritorialseaismeasured; (b)topreventivemeasures,wherevertaken,topreventorminimizesuchdamage. Article3(Liabilityoftheshipowner) 1.Exceptasprovidedinparagraphs3and4,theshipowneratthetimeofanincidentshallbeliableforpollutiondamagecausedbyanybunkeroilonboardororiginatingfrom
8、theship,providedthat,ifanincidentconsistsofaseriesofoccurrenceshavingthesameorigin,thelia
