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1、Social&PersonalityDevelopment(4thed.)ShafferChapter4EarlySocialandEmotional DevelopmentIUniversityofGuelphPsychology3450—Dr.K.Hennig Winter2003Term1Chapter4inoutlineEmotionalDevelopmentTemperamentandDevelopmentWhatareEmotionalAttachments?HowdoInfantsBecomeAttached?TwoAttachment-RelatedFear
2、sofIntimacyReactionstotheLossofanAttachmentObject2EMOTIONALDEVELOPMENT Whatisanemotion?Defn.“episodic,relativelyshort-term[vs.moods],biologicallybasedpatternsofperception[ofaninternalorexternalstimulus],[subjective]experience,physiology,action,andcommunicationthatoccurinresponsetospecificp
3、hysicalandsocialchallengesandopportunities....moreflexible...thanreflexes”(Keltner&Gross,1999)antecendent->emotionalexperience->expression (stimuli/situation->subjectiveexperience->behavior)e.g.,angerasablockedgoal(frustration)->mobilizedenergy(adaptiveifyoubreakthefrustratingobject?)3What
4、areemotions?(contd.)subjectiveexperienceofemotion-e.g.,“whenafraidoursensesaresharpened,ourmusclesprimedtomoveusquicklyoutofharm’sway,andourcardiovascularsystemtunedtoprovideincreasedoxygenandenergytolargemusclegroupsthatmaybecalledupontoflee[orfight]”-e.g.,highspinalchorddamageEmotionsare
5、:intrapersonal-usedinjudgment,decision-making(good-bad),valuesandmorals,physicalsafety(heights)interpersonal-expression/communication(e.g.,audienceeffects,griefmobilizingcommunity,well-being,culturalguidelinesordisplayrules)4Experienceandexpression/recognitionofemotion(e.g.,anger)-interper
6、sonalaspectCommunicationofemotiontospeciesmembersDoesthewolfhavedirect,subjectiveaccesstothecorrespondingemotionalstate?Howdoyou knowwhatothers feel?anger- appeasement conjunction5Cross-speciessimilarity?6BasicemotionsDobabieshavesubjectivefeelings?fearjoysadnessfear:browslevel,drawninandu
7、p,eyelidslifted,mouthretractedsurprise:browsraised,mouthroundedinanovaljoy:smile,cheekslifted,twinkleineyessadness:innercornerofbrowsraised,mouthcornersdrawndown7Primaryemotiondisplays(contd.)Primaryemotions(2.5-7mos.):interest,disgust,angerUniversalandthushar
