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1、美国民事审前程序中值得借鉴的几个问题（SomeproblemsworthyofreferenceinthecivilpretrialprocedureoftheUnitedStates）SomeproblemsworthyofreferenceinthecivilpretrialprocedureoftheUnitedStatesAtpresent,China'songoingreformoftheciviltrialway,understandingothernationalciviljusticesystemandacomparative
2、study,toperfectourciviltrialsystem,willcertainlyhaveacertainreferencevalue.ThispaperintendstomakeafewcomparisonsandcommentsontheproblemsinvolvedinthepretrialprocedureoftheUnitedStates,soastoattracttheattentionofourcounterpartsandreaders.AccordingtotheU.S.FederalDistrictCour
3、tCivilProcedureRules(hereinafterreferredtoasthefederalrulesofcivilprocedure)Regulations(Note:theUnitedStatesFederalDistrictCourtrulesofcivilprocedure,atotalof11chapters86,theUnitedStatesFederalDistrictCourtrulesofcivilprocedureandthefederalrulesofevidenceisthemainrulesofpro
4、cedure.Thefederalcourtsystemonthebasisofthetrialofcivilcases)Beforethetrial,theAmericancivilprocedureconsistsoftwomainstages:pleadingprocedureanddiscoveryofevidence.I.procedureforpleadingTheso-called"pleading"referstothecourtbeforethetrialofthecase,thecourtacceptedthecase,t
5、hepartiesexchangedpleadingsandpleadingsofproceedings.Asfarasthewholeprocedureisconcerned,thepleadingprocedureistheprocedurethatthecourtacceptstheactionofthelitigantsoastomakethelawsuitbegin.FederalcivilprocedurerulesthirdStates:"civilactionbeginswhentheplaintiffsubmitstheco
6、mplainttothecourt."."Whenapartysubmitsacomplainttothecourt,thecourtclerkissuesasummonsandtheplaintiffdirectthecomplainttothedefendant.Inadditiontothebasiccircumstancesofthepartyandthecourtofappeal,theplaintiff'spleadingsshallalsorecordthefollowingcontents:1.,thecourt'sjuris
7、dictionanditslegalbasismustbebrieflystated.Afederalcourtisacourtoflimitedjurisdictionthatacceptscasesonlywhenithasjurisdictionoverthematter.Therefore,theplaintiffmustclearlyspecifythefederallegalbasisforhisclaiminthepleadings.2.theplaintiffshouldbriefhisclaimforrelief.Excep
8、tforspecialmattersspecifiedinthenintharticleofthefederalcivilprocedurerules.(Note:
