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1、附录1RURALFINANCE:MAINSTREAMINGINFORMALFINANCIALINSTITUTIONSByHansDieterSeibelAbstractInformalfinancialinstitutions(IFIs),amongthemtheubiquitousrotatingsavingsandcreditassociations,areofancientorigin.Ownedandself-managedbylocalpeople,poorandnon-poor,theyareself-helporganizati
2、onswhichmobilizetheirownresources,covertheircostsandfinancetheirgrowthfromtheirprofits.Withtheexpansionofthemoneyeconomy,theyhavespreadintonewareasandgrowninnumbers,sizeanddiversity;butultimately,mosthaveremainedrestrictedinsize,outreachandduration.Aretheybestleftalone,orsh
3、ouldtheybehelpedtoupgradetheiroperationsandbeintegratedintothewiderfinancialmarket?Underconducivepolicyconditions,somehavespontaneouslytakentheopportunityofevolvingintosemiformalorformalmicrofinanceinstitutions(MFIs).Thishasusuallyyieldedgreatbenefitsintermsoffinancialdeepe
4、ning,sustainabilityandoutreach.Donorsmaybuildontheseindigenousfoundationsandprovidesupportforvariousoptionsofinstitutionaldevelopment,amongthem:incentives-drivenmainstreamingthroughnetworking;encouragingtheestablishmentofnewIFIsinareasdevoidoffinancialservices;linkingIFIs/M
5、FIstobanks;strengtheningNon-GovernmentalOrganizations(NGOs)aspromotersofgoodpractices;and,inanonrepressivepolicyenvironment,promotingappropriatelegalforms,prudentialregulationanddelegatedsupervision.Keywords:Microfinance,microcredit,microsavings。1.informalfinance,self-helpg
6、roupsInMarch1967,ononeofmyfirstfieldtripsinLiberia,IhadtheopportunitytoobserveagroupofadozenManopeasantscuttingtreesinafieldbelongingtooneofthem.Beforetheystartedtheirwork,theyplacedhoe-shapedmasksinasmallcircle,chantedwordsandturnedintoanimals.Oneturnedintoalion,anotherone
7、intoabushhog,andsoon,andtheycontinuedtoimitatethoseanimalsthroughoutthewholeday,astheyworkedhardontheirland.IrealizedIwasontosomethingserious,andattheendoftheday,whentheyhadputthemasksintoabagandchangedbackintohumans,www.88doc88.com设计巴巴Istartedaskingquestions.Ilearnedthatth
8、eyworkedasagroup,tacklingthefieldsofeachoneinturn,carryingoutallthetasksperformedb
