《语言教学的流派》笔记

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1、Task-BasedLanguageTeachingDefinitionTask-BasedLanguageTeaching(TBLT)referstoanapproachbasedontheuseoftasksasthecoreunitofplanningandinstructioninlanguageteaching.TherelationshipsbetweenTBLTandCommunicativeLanguageTeaching(CLT)Task-basedlanguageteachin

2、g:•alogicaldevelopmentofCLT•formedpartofthecommunicativelanguageteachingmovementfromthe1980s.Eg:◎Activitiesthatinvolverealcommunicationareessentialforlanguagelearning◎Activitiesinwhichlanguageisusedforcarryingoutmeaningfultaskspromotelearning◎Language

3、thatismeaningfultothelearnersupportsthelearningprocess•Theroleoftaskshasreceivedfurthersupportfromsomeresearchersinsecondlanguageacquisition(SLA),whoareinterestedindevelopingpedagogicalapplicationsofSLA.•TaskisregardedasthepotentialbuildingblocksofSLA

4、instruction.•SLAresearchhasfocusedonthestrategiesandcognitiveprocessemployedbysecondlanguagelearners•Languagelearningisbelievedtodependonimmersingstudentsnotmerelyin“comprehensibleinput”butintasksthatrequirethemtonegotiatemeaningandengageinnaturalisti

5、candmeaningfulcommunication.Thekeyassumptionsoftask-basedinstructionaresummarizedbyFeez（1998:17)as:Thefocusisonprocessratherthanprocedure.Basicelementsarepurposefulactivitiesandtasksthatemphasizecommunicationandmeaning.Learnerlearnlanguagebyinteractin

6、gcommunicativelyandpurposefullywhileengagedintheactivitiesandtasksActivitiesandtaskscanbeeither:thosethatlearnersmightneedtoachieveinreallife;thosethathaveapedagogicalpurposespecifictotheclassroom.Activitiesandtasksofatask-basedsyllabusaresequencedacc

7、ordingtodifficulty.Thedifficultyofataskdependsonarangeoffactorsincludingthepreviousexperienceofthelearner,thecomplexityofthetask,thelanguagerequiredtoundertakethetask,andthedegreeofsupportavailablewhatis“task”?Ataskisanactivityorgoalthatiscarriedoutus

8、inglanguage,suchasfindingasolutiontoapuzzle,readingamap,andgivingdirections,makingatelephonecalletc.Nunan(1989:10)offersthisdefinition:thetaskisapieceofclassroomworkwhichinvolveslearnersincomprehending,manipulating,producingorinteractinginthet