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1、www.TopSage.com大家网17/18ASurveyoftheOlympicGamesTheOlympicGamesareaninternationalmulti-sportevent2subdividedintosummerandwintergames.Theyareeachheldeveryfouryears.Until1992，theywerebothheldinthesameyear.Sincethen,theyhavebeenseparatedtwoyearsapart3.Therearemorethan20Summe
2、rOlympicssports,includingswimming,basketball,soccer,gymnastics,boxing,weight-lifting,yachting,cyclingandequestrianevents.Skiing,ice-skatingandicehockeyareamongthe7WinterGamesports.Acompetitormustbethecitizenofthecountryheorsherepresents.Nomorethanthreeentriesfromanycount
3、ryarepermittedineachevent(4inthewintergames).Onlyoneteampercountryisallowedinateamsport4.TherearemanymythssurroundingtheoriginoftheancientOlympicGames.ThemostpopularlegenddescribesthatHeracles5wasthecreatoroftheOlympicGamesandbuilttheOlympicstadiumandsurroundingbuildings
4、asanhonortohisfather,Zeusaftercompletinghis12labors6.Accordingtothatlegend,hewalkedinastraightlinefor400stridesandcalledthisdistancea“stadium"thatlateralsobecameadistancecalculationunit.Thisisalsowhyamodernstadiumis400metersincircumferencelength(1stadium=400meters).Fromt
5、henon，theOlympicGameswerequicklybecomingmoreandmoreimportantthroughoutancientGreece,reachingtheirzenithinthe6thand5thcenturiesBC.TheOlympicswereoffundamentalreligiousimportance,contestsalternatingwithsacrificesandceremonieshonoringbothZeus(whosecolossalstatuestoodatOlymp
6、ia)，andPelops，divineheroandmythicalkingofOlympiafamousforhislegendarychariot7race，inwhosehonorthegameswereheld.Thenumberofeventsincreasedto20，andthecelebrationwasspreadoverseveraldays.Winnersoftheeventsweregreatlyadmiredandwereimmortalizedinpoemsandstatues8.TheGameswereh
7、eldeveryfouryears,andtheperiodbetweentwocelebrationsbecameknownasan“Olympiad"9.TheGreeksusedOlympiadsasoneoftheirmethodstocountyears.ThemostfamousOlympicathletelivedinthesetimes:the6thcenturyBCwrestler,MiloCroton,istheonlyathleteinhistorytowinavictoryinsixOlympics.TheGam
8、esgraduallydeclinedinimportanceaftertheRomansgainedpowerinGreece.AfterEmperorTheodosiusI10madeChristian
