prelude to world war ii

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1、TheWorldatWar:1920-1941Mr.PhippsSantaTeresaHighSchoolPartI:TheBackgroundThe“InterwarPeriod”wasconsideredaneraofAmericanisolationistpolicy.TheAgeofAmericanIsolationismSenaterefusedtoratifyTreatyofVersaillesCongressrejectedtreatywithFrance1921-CongresspassesindependentresolutionendingTheGreat

2、WarWorlddisillusionedwiththehorrorsofwarPeoplewanteda“returntonormalcy”SenatorHenryCabotLodge,passedthe“LodgeReservations”anangryandrousingindictmentofWilson’spostwarpolicy.Multi-LateralPeaceAgreementsTheearly1920switnessedaprofusionofpeaceaccords,eachofwhichwasdesignedtopreventanotherglobal

3、militarycatastrophe.TheTreatyofVersaillesBrokeredattheParisPeaceConferenceinthefallof1918StartedpriortotheendofthewarbyWoodrowWilsonBritainandFrancewantedrevenge,reparations,andcompletedisarmamentfromGermanyandAustria-HungaryConspicuouslyabsentfromtheParisPeaceConferencewasGermanyandAustria-

4、Hungary,neitherofwhomwereinvitedbecausetheywerethebelligerentsinthewar.TheLeagueofNationsTheFourteenPointsAbandonsecretdiplomacy,treaties,andalliancesReducearmsandensurefreedomoftheseasDecolonizeandrecognizesovereigntyofnationsEstablishLeagueofNationsTheLeagueofNationsVoluntarymembershipNoen

5、forcementorpeace-keepingtroopforceNon-bindingresolutionsNiceidea,buttotallyineffectiveWanting“Peacewithoutvictory”andto“Maketheworldsafefordemocracy”,WilsonalienatedCongresswhilepushinghisagendaforaninternationalpeace-keepingbody.TheResultsForGermanyGermanylostallcoloniesForcedtosignwar-guil

6、tclauseCompletedisarmamentMapofGermanyredrawnForcedtosubmittotheLeagueofNationsForcedtopaywarreparationstoEnglandandFranceConsequencesGermaneconomiccollapseInabilitytopaydebtscontributestotheGreatCrashDestroyedGermanmiddleclassBuiltresentmenttowardtheAlliesWoodrowWilsondiscreditedGlobalDisar

7、mamentFourPowersPact(Dec.1921)Britain,France,Japan,andtheU.S.A.PledgedmutualrespectforterritorialpossessionsCreatedaforumforinternationaldiplomacyFivePowersNavalTreaty(Feb.1922)Britain,France,Japan,Italy,andtheU.S.A.Limitednumberofnavalvessels(1U.K