britain after world war ii

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1、BritainafterWorldWarIIQuestionsforyouWhatdoyouknowaboutBritainafterSecondWorldWar?Whatstageswasitdividedinto?Whoplayedveryimportantroleinherdevelopment?I.Thepost-waryears(1945-1952)1.Economy2.PoliticsII.ElizabethIIyears(1952-now)1.QueenElizabethII2.Thesteadydevelopment

2、inthe1950sand1960s;3.Economicrecessionandstagflationinthe1970s;4.Economicrecoveryin1980sIII.PrimeMinistersafterThatcherI.Thepost-waryears(1945-1952)1.Economy1)JohnMaynardKeynesandnationalizationa.TheLaborPartygovernmentnationalizedmanyindustriesandpublicutilitiesaselec

3、tricity,gas,airtransport,road,railandwaterways,andetc.b.Purpose:ToreconstructthenationafterWWIIJohnMaynardKeynes(1883-1946)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Maynard_KeynesJohnMaynardKeynes(1883-1946)Britisheconomistwhoseideas,calledKeynesianeconomics,hadamajorimpactonm

4、oderneconomicandpoliticaltheoryaswellasonmanygovernments'fiscalpolicies.Heisoneofthefathersofmoderntheoreticalmacroeconomics.Keynesianism凯恩斯主义Theadvocateofinterventionistgovernmentpolicy,bywhichthegovernmentwouldusefiscalandmonetarymeasurestomitigatetheadverseeffectsof

5、economicrecessions,depressions.2)Postwar“cradle-to-death”socialsecurity(putforwardbyeconomistWilliamBeveridge)Purpose:Toimprovestandardoflivingandstartawelfarestate.a.Theintroductionoffamilyallowances;b.ThepassageofaNationalSchoolLunchActin1946;c.TheeffectoftheNational

6、HealthServicetoenabletheBritonstoenjoyfreemedicalandhospitalcare.3)TheMarshallPlans(1948-1951)fortheEuropeaneconomicrecovery.(欧洲复兴计划)Britainreceived$2.7billionAmericanaidduring1948and1951.Ithelpedtorevivetheeconomy2.Politics1)ThecontractionoftheterritoryofBritishCommon

7、wealtha.TheindependenceofIndiaandPakistaninAug.1947;b.Burmagaineditsindependencein1948c.NewfoundlandjoinedtheDominionofCanadain1949d.ThecoloniesinAfricawontheirindependence2)TheColdWarItwasthestateofconflict,tensionandcompetitionthatexistedbetweentheUnitedStates(US)and

8、theSovietUnion(USSR)andtheirrespectivealliesfromthemid-1940stotheearly1990s.Throughoutthisperiod,rivalrybetweenthetwo