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1、水的离子积练习题（Theionicproductpracticeofwater）Theionizationofwaterandtheionproductofwater1.Theionizationandionizationequilibriumofwater:waterisanelectrolytethatcanionize,generateandionweakly,andtheionizationequationis,Theabbreviationis:;ΔH<0.Underacertaintemperature,purewaterionizationgenerate
2、dc(H+)=c(OH-),theexperimentalmeasuredat25°c,c=c(H+)(OH-)=.Theionizationofthewateriszero.2.Factorsaffectingtheionizationbalanceofwater:Temperature:whenthetemperaturerises,theionizingbalanceofwatermovesinthedirection.Howdoesthewater'sc(H+)andc(OH-)changeinthewater?Theionizationofwater.Conc
3、entrationof2:Addingacidorbasetowater,theionizingbalanceofwaterismovinginthedirectionofwaterionization;Ifweaddthestrongbaseweakacidorstrongacidandweakbasesalttothewater,themovingdirectionoftheionizingequilibriumofwateristheionizationdegreeofwater;3.Ionicproductofwater:Underacertaintempera
4、ture,waterorc(H+)andc(OH-)istheproductofaconstant,expressedwithKw,calledwaterionproductconstant,temperatureisdifferent,differentKw,at25°c,Kw==;Whenthetemperaturerises,theKwwill,forexample,at100°C,Kw,thedegreeofionizationofwaterforatthistime.Atnormaltemperature,c(H+)=0.01mol/Lofstrongacid
5、solutionandc(OH-)=0.01mol/Lofstrongbasesolution,Kw=,theionizationdegreeofwater=.TheacidalkalinityandpHofthesolution1.Thesolutionofacidandalkaline:25°C:neutralsolutionC(H+)=C(OH-)pH==;TheacidityofthesolutionisrelatedtowhetherthepHvalueofthesolutionisequalto7(fillingorunrelated),andthec(H+
6、)andc(OH-)inthesolution.Acidsolution;Alkalinesolution;2.PHvalueofsolution:Concept:.Expressions:ThepHisgoodfortheacidbaseofthesolution,why?Methodsforthedeterminationofacid,alkaliandpHofsolutionCommonindicatorandcolorrangeIndicator:colorrange:MethylorangephenolphthaleinlitmusDeterminationo
7、fpHvalueofsolution:Precisemethod:pHmetermethodCommonmethod:pHtestpaperItis.Don'tmoisturizefirstThereasonforthepHtestis.[problemanalysis](1)dilutetheHClsolutionwithpH=1by10times.100timesthinner,pHisequalto;Andthenyoudilute10ntimes,pHisequalto.(2)whenthepH=12NaOHsolutionisd
