2011很棒的考研时文阅读

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1、BackgroundInformation   家庭和社区介入治疗可以帮助每个家庭成员认识和解决家庭中的问题，促进相互理解、相互帮助，避免患者在治疗后又回到一个病态家庭中去；也可以帮助患者摆脱依赖，同时也消除患者给家庭成员造成的心理创伤。                        Whenthecureisnotworththecost(28) ThankstoresearchbytheNationalInstitutesofHealthandacademicscientistsduringthelastthreedecades,wenowhaveproven[ˈpru:vn]trea

2、tmentsfordepression,addictionandothermentaldisorders.Butalltoooftencliniciansdonotusethem. Withoutfinancialincentivestoprovidetreatmentsthatareknowntowork,manymentalhealthprofessionalsstickwithwhattheyknow,orpickuponthelatestfad,orevenintroducetheirownuntestedinnovations--whichinturnarespreadbytes

3、timonialsandcredulousnewsmediacoverage. Similarly,oneofthemostcommonapproachestoalcoholismtreatmentinvolveshavingcounselorsandfellowalcoholicsconfrontpatientsandforcethemtoidentifythemselvesasalcoholics.Butresearchfindsthatthemoreacounselorconfronts,themoreapatientdrinksandthemorelikelyheistodropo

4、utoftreatment.Andnoassociationbetweenacceptingthelabel"alcoholic"andquittingdrinkinghasbeenfound.Counselorempathy---notconfrontation-isconnectedwithrecovery. AccordingtoareviewbytheInstituteofMedicinein2006,only10.5percentofalcoholicsreceived"careconsistentwithscientificknowledge"ofthedisorder;sim

5、ilarly,43percentofchildreninpsychiatrichospitalsaregivenantipsychoticmedicationdespitenotsufferingfrompsychosis.Toughbootcampsfortroubledteenagers--whichhavebeenproventobeineffectiveandpotentiallyharmful--thrive,while"multi-systemicfamilytherapy,"whicheffectivelytreatsteenagersathome,isavailableon

6、lythroughthejuvenilejusticesystem. Takethewell-knownapproachfeaturedonthecableTVrealityshow"Intervention"aimedatgettingaddictsandalcoholicsintotreatment.Here,thefamilyandsometimestheemployergatherwithacounselor,confronttheaddictandthreatentoshunhimorfirehimifhedoesn'tenterarehabilitationcenter.A19

7、99studycomparedthisstyleofintervention---whichcanbackfireandleadtobrokenfamilies---toalessconfrontationalapproachknownas"communityreinforcementandfamilytraining,"whichisaimedathelpingthefamilynurturetheaddict'sow