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1、★精品文档★定语从句考点总结导语:定语从句中的谓语动词必须在人称上和数量上和先行词保持一致。以下为大家介绍定语从句考点总结文章,欢迎大家阅读参考! 定语从句考点总结定语从句(AttributiveClauses)在句中做定语,修饰一个名词或代词,有时也可以修饰部分或整个句子。被修饰的名词,词组或代词即先行词。定语从句通常出现在先行词之后,由关系词(关系代词或关系副词)引出。关系代词有:who,whom,whose,that,which,as。关系副词有:when,where,why,how。关系代词和关系副词放在先行词和定语从句之间,起连接作用,同时又可做定语从句的
2、一个成分。当关系代词做宾语时可以省略。定语从句中的谓语动词必须在人称上和数量上和先行词保持一致。定语从句分为限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句。关系代词引导的定语从句1)who,whom,that这些词代替的先行词是人的名词或代词,在从句中所起作用如下:Ishethemanwho/thatwantstosee2016全新精品资料-全新公文范文-全程指导写作–独家原创8/8★精品文档★you?(who/that在从句中作主语)Heisthemanwhom/thatIsawyesterday.(whom/that在从句中作宾语)2)whose用来指人或物,(只用作定语,若指
3、物,它还可以同ofwhich互换).例如:Pleasepassmethebookwhose(ofwhich)coverisgreen.3)which,that它们所代替的先行词是事物的名词或代词,在从句中可作主语、宾语等.例如:Aprosperitywhich/thathadneverbeenseenbeforeappearsinthecountryside.(which/that在句中作宾语)Thepackage(which/that)youarecarryingisabouttocomeunwrapped.(which/that在句中作宾语)关系代词that和wh
4、ich都可以指物,that和Who都可以指人,其用法区别:不用that的情况:a)在引导非限定性定语从句时(错)Thetree,thatisfourhundredyearsold,is2016全新精品资料-全新公文范文-全程指导写作–独家原创8/8★精品文档★veryfamoushere.b)介词后不能用Wedependonthelandfromwhichwegetourfood.c)多用who的情况①关系代词在从句中做主语Afriendwhohelpsyouintimeofneedisarealfriend.②先行词为those,people时Thosewhower
5、eeitherfoolsorunfitfortheirofficescouldnotseethecloth.③先行词为all,anyone,ones,one指人时Onewhodoesn’tworkhardwillneversucceedinhiswork.④在Therebe句型中Thereisastrangerwhowantstoseeyou.⑤在被分隔的定语从句中AnewteacherwillcometomorrowwhowillteachyouGerman.⑥2016全新精品资料-全新公文范文-全程指导写作–独家原创8/8★精品文档★在有两个定语从句的句子中,其一
6、用who,其二用that,但若先行词后接两个以上的并列定语从句时,后一个必须重复前一个关系代词。Thestudentwhowaspraisedatthemeetingisthemonitorthatisverymodestandstudiesveryhard.Thereisateacherwhoisalwaysreadytohelpothersandwhoenjoyswhathedoes.只能用that作为定语从句的关系代词的情况a)在不定代词,如:anything,nothing,everything,all,much,few,any,little等作先行词时,只用
7、that,不用which。Allthatisneededisasupplyofoil.Finally,thethiefhandedeverythingthathehadstolentothepolice.b)先行词有theonly,thevery,thejust修饰时,只用that。Heistheverymanthathelpedthegirloutofthewater.c)先行词为序数词(thelast)、数词、形容词最高级时,只用that。ThefirstEnglishbookthatIreadwas“ThePrinceandthePauper”