英国文学史sh2012 part vi the victorian age critical realism in

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1、PartVITheVictorianAgeCriticalRealisminEngland1832-1902维多利亚时期英国批判现实主义BriefHistoryofEnglandMonarchsofEngland1066-NormanandPlantagenet(金雀花王朝)Kings1066-1377HousesofLancasterandYork1377-1485HouseofTudor1485-1603(HenryVII-HenryVIII-EdwardVI-MaryI-ElizabethI)HouseofStuart1603

2、-1714(JamesI-CharlesI-OliverCromwell-CharlesII-MaryandherDutchhusbandPrinceWilliamofOrange-QueenAnne)HouseofHanover1714-1837(GeorgeI-GeorgeII-GeorgeIII-GeorgeIV-hisbrotherWilliamIV)HouseofSaxe-Coburg1837-1917(Victoria-hereldestsonEdwardVIIHouseofWindsor(1917-)GeorgeV-his

3、sonEdwardVIII-hisbrotherGeorgeVI;ElizabethII1952年加冕HistoricalBackgroundThequeen(1836-1901)ruledfor63years,thelongestinEnglishhistory.Ageofprosperityandprogress:--therichestandmostpowerful,--the1sturbanandindustrialsocietyintheworld,--thegreatestempirerulingover1/4ofthewo

4、rld’slandmass,over20nations;---butalsoaperiodofgreatsocialunrest(ChartistMovement1838-48)and---religiousdoubt(theoryofevolutionandutilitarianism）;-greatbooksoftheage:TheOriginsofSpecies《物种起源》(1859)Darwin’sevolutionarytheoryimpliedthatbiblicalaccountofcreationcouldnotbeli

5、terallytrueDasKapital《资本论》(1867),critiqueofunbridledfreeenterpriserevealedineconomicinjusticeandtheclasssystemCharacteristicsofVictorianNovels(pp132-134)CriticalRealismIntheperiodoftenseclassstruggleappearedanewliterarytrend－criticalrealism.Englishcriticalrealismofthe19t

6、hcenturyflourishedinthe40sandintheearly50s.ThecriticalrealistsdescribedwithmuchvividnessandartisticskillthechieftraitsoftheEnglishsocietyandcriticizedthecapitalistsystemfromademocraticviewpoint.VictorianLiterature:Criticalrealism批判现实主义Criticalrealismflourishedinthefortie

7、sandearlyfiftiesofthe19thcentury.ItdescribedwithmuchvividnessandgreatartisticskillthechieftraitsofEnglishsocietyandcriticizedthecapitalistsystemfromademocraticpointofview.Criticalrealistsrevealedthesocialrealityandcriticizedtheinjustice,povertyandreligioushypocrisy.Engli

8、shCriticalRealistNovelistCharlesDickens狄更斯bornin1812WilliamMakepeaceThackeray萨克雷1811CharlotteBrontë夏洛蒂•