口译速记符号总结

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1、口译速记符号总结1.Note-takingsymbolsandabbreviationsforyourreference:   AbbreviationsinNotetaking Useonlytheabbreviationsthatfityourneedsandthatyouwillremembereasily.Agoodideaistointroduceonlyafewabbreviationsintoyournotetakingatatime.   Symbolshelpfulinmath--thesearecommonlyusedintextsandreference

2、s. S  =  sum f  =  frequency   Leaveoutperiodsinstandardabbreviations. cf  =  compare e.g.  =  example dept  =  department   Useonlythefirstsyllableofaword. pol  =  politics dem  =  democracy lib  =  liberal cap  =  capitalism   Useentirefirstsyllableandonly1stletterof2ndsyllable. pres  =  

3、presentation subj  =  subject ind  =  individual cons  =  conservative   Eliminatefinalletters.Usejustenoughofthewordtoformarecognizableabbreviation. assoc  =  associate biol  =  biology info  =  information ach  =  achievement chem  =  chemistry max  =  maximum intro  =  introduction conc 

4、 =  concentration min  =  minimum rep  =  repetition   Omitvowels,retainonlyenoughconsonantstogivearecognizableskeletonoftheword. ppd  =  prepared prblm  =  problem estmt  =  estimate bkgd  =  background gvt  =  government   Useanapostropheinplaceofletters. am't  =  amount cont'd  =  contin

5、ued gov't  =  government educat'l  =  educationalFormthepluralofasymbolorabbreviatedwordbyaddings. chpts  =  chapters egs  =  examples fs  =  frequencies intros  =  introductions   Usegtorepresentingendings. ckg  =  checking estg  =  establishing decrg  =  decreasing exptg  =  experimenting

6、   Spelloutshortwordssuchasin,at,to,but,for,andkey.   Abbreviationsorsymbolsforshortwordswillmakethenotestoodensewithshorthand.   Leaveoutunimportantwords. Leaveoutthewordsaandthe.   Ifaterm,phrase,ornameiswrittenoutinfullduringthelecture,substituteinitialswhenevertheterm,phrase,ornameisuse

7、dagain.Forexample,CenterforAerospaceSciencesbecomesCASthereafter.   Usesymbolsforcommonlyrecurringconnectiveortransitionalwords. &  =  and w/  =  with w/o  =  without vs  =  against   =  therefore =  =  isorequal   Usetechnicalsymbolswhereapplicable. zb