现代大学英语5 l1 background information

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1、WhereDoWeGoFromHereM.L.KingTheCivilRightsMovementAworldwidepoliticalmovementforequalitybeforethelawoccurringbetweenapproximately1950and1980.Accompaniedbymuchcivilunrestandpopularrebellion.Theprocesswaslongandtenuousinmanycountries,andmostofthesemovementsdidnotfullyachievetheirgoalsalthoug

2、h,theeffortsofthesemovementsdidleadtoimprovementsinthelegalrightsofpreviouslyoppressedgroupsofpeoplesCivilrightsmovementinNorthernIrelandMovementsofIndependenceinAfricaCanada'sQuietRevolutionCivilrightsmovementintheUnitedStatesGenderequityissuesGayandLesbianRightsMovementandgayliberationG

3、ermanstudentmovementFrance1968Tlatelolcomassacre,MexicoPragueSpring1967AustralianReferendumTheCivilRightsMovementEarlycivilrightseffortsThehistoryofthecivilrightsmovementintheUnitedStatesactuallybeginswiththeearlyeffortsofthefledglingdemocracy.1783-Massachusettsoutlawsslaverywithinitsbord

4、ers.1808-Importationofslavesbanned;illegalslavetradecontinues.1820-MissouriCompromiseallowsslaveryinMissouri,butnotelsewherewestoftheMississippiandnorthofMissouri'ssouthernborder;repealedin1854Earlycivilrightsefforts1833--OberlinCollege,firstU.S.collegetoadoptco-education,isfirsttorefuset

5、obanblackstudents.1850--Compromiseof1850admitsCaliforniaintotheunionwithoutslavery,strengthensFugitiveSlaveLaws,andendsslavetradeinWashington,D.C.1857--DredScottSupremeCourtdecisionrulesthatslavesdonotbecomefreewhentakenintoafreestate,thatCongresscannotbarslaveryfromaterritory,andthatblac

6、kscannotbecomecitizens.1861--ConfederateStatesofAmericaformed;CivilWarbegins.Earlycivilrightsefforts1863--PresidentLincolnissuesEmancipationProclamationfreeing"allslavesinareasstillinrebellion."1865--CivilWarends.13thAmendment,abolishingslavery,addedtotheConstitution.1868--14thAmendmentco

7、nferringcitizenshipaddedtoConstitution.1870--15thAmendmentbarringracialdiscriminationinvotingaddedtoConstitution.1875--Congresspassescivilrightsactgrantedequalrightsinpublicaccommodationsandjuryduty.Earlycivilrightsefforts1866--KuKluxKlanformedinsecrecy;disbands1869