现代大学英语精读3 lesson1_background information

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1、Lesson1–YourCollegeYearsPartTwoBackgroundInformationENTERYourCollegeYearsLesson1–YourCollegeYearsAuthorErikH.EricksonErickson’sDevelopmentalStagesBackgroundinformationContentsBobHartmanwasborninPittsburgh,theUnitedStates,andmovedtoEnglandinthesummerof2000.Hehasbeenworkingasastorytellerforchildrenfo

2、rmorethanadecadeandisapart-timepastor.Lesson1–YourCollegeYearsAuthorTobecontinuedonthenextpage.Lesson1–YourCollegeYearsAuthorTheendofAuthor.AselectionofbooksbyBobHartmanErikH.Erikson(1902—1994),wasaGerman-bornAmericanpsychoanalystwhosewritingsonsocialpsychology,individualidentity,andtheinteractions

3、ofpsychologywithhistory,politics,andcultureinfluencedprofessionalapproachestopsychosocialproblemsandattractedmuchpopularinterest.HewasmostfamousforhisworkonrefiningandexpandingFreud’stheoryofdevelopmentalstages.Lesson1–YourCollegeYearsErikH.EricksonTobecontinuedonthenextpage.Lesson1–YourCollegeYear

4、sErikH.EricksonMainbooksbyErikH.EricksonTheendofErickson.Lesson1–YourCollegeYearsErickson’sTheoryofDevelopmentalStagesBasicTheory:Babiesarebornwithsomebasiccapabilitiesanddistincttemperaments.Buttheygothroughdramaticchangesonthewaytoadulthoodandoldage.AccordingtopsychologistErikH.Erikson,eachindivi

5、dualpassesthrougheightdevelopmentalstages.Tobecontinuedonthenextpage.Lesson1–YourCollegeYearsErickson’sTheoryofDevelopmentalStagesEachdevelopmentalstageischaracterizedbyadifferentpsychological"crisis",whichmustberesolvedbytheindividualbeforetheindividualcanmoveontothenextstage.Ifthepersoncopeswitha

6、particularcrisisinamaladaptivemanner,theoutcomewillbemorestruggleswiththatissuelaterinlife.ToErikson,thesequenceofthestagesaresetbynature.Itiswithinthesetlimitsthatnurtureworksitsways.Tobecontinuedonthenextpage.Lesson1–YourCollegeYearsErickson’sTheoryofDevelopmentalStagesTobecontinuedonthenextpage.

7、Stage1:InfantTrustvsMistrustNeedsmaximumcomfortwithminimaluncertaintytotrusthimself/herself,others,andtheenvironment.Stage2:ToddlerAutonomyvsShameandDoubtWorkstomasterphysicalenvironmentwhilemaintaining