政治委婉语及其修辞应用

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1、政治委婉语及其修辞应用委婉语起源于民俗禁忌，人们在交际中用来描述不宜直言的人或事物，既是一种修辞手法，又是一种文化现象。委婉语又是人们在社会交际中为谋求理想的交际效果而创造的一种适当的语言形式。它在生活中发挥着十分重要的交际功能。最主要的有避讳功能，礼貌功能，掩饰、美化功能。政治委婉语是委婉语的一个范畴，沿袭了普通委婉语的特征，广为政治家们所用。它使政治家们得以一种温和、不带任何刺激性的表达方式传递其真正的信息。将从委婉语的起源、社会功能、修辞入手，分别阐述政治委婉语的国际国内使用情况和政治委婉语修辞应用。【关键词】社会功能;政治委婉语;修辞

2、应用1.Introdution1.1ThedefinitionofeuphemismTheEnglishord“euphemism”derivedfromtheGreekord“euphemismos”，hihmeans“fairspeeh”.Theprefix“eu-”means“good，soundingell”，and“pheme”means“saing”or“speeh”.Sotheliteralmeaningof“euphemism”is“tospeakithgoodordsorinapleasantmanner.”Intheboo

3、kofModernLinguistis,itisdefinedas“amild,indiretorlessoffensiveordorexpressionsubstitutedhenthespeakerorriterfearsmorediretordingmightbeharsh,unpleasantldiretoroffensive.”1.2TheoriginofeuphemismTotraethebeginningofeuphemisms,ean’tneglet“taboo”.Inprimitivesoiet,peopleouldn’te

4、xplainsuhthingsasdeath,ailmentsandsomesupernaturalphenomena.Thealsohadonfusionbeteenthenamesofthingsandthethingsthemselves:Thenameisvieedasanextensionofthethings.Justastheidiomsas“Speakofthedevilandheappears.”Naturalltheordsorthephrasesrelatedtotheseunexplainablethingsbeame

5、taboos.Forordinarpeople,thesafestatoavoidmentioningthesethingsthatthehavetomentioninmanirumstanesistouseanothername---euphemismstoreplaethetruenameofsuhathing.Inmanultures，thenamesofgodsanddevilsaretaboos.Inordertoavoidmentioningthemdiretl,peopleuse“goshorgoll”insteadofGoda

6、nd“dikenoroldNik”insteadofthedevil.Therefore，eansafelstatethat“theexisteneoftabooordsortabooideasstimulatesthereationofeuphemisms”.Inourmodernsoiet,hoever,thereligiousandsuperstitiousrelisstillexist.Buttoalargerextent，euphemismismostlmotivatedbpeople’sfearofdeath.Thusitisno

7、onderthatsuhalargenumberofeuphemismsabout“death”exist:depart,deease，passXX，et.Inshort，euphemismoriginatesfromtaboo.Beauseofthepshologoffear，peopledarenotorouldrathernotallsomethingbnamediretl.Ifsuhunpleasantthingshavetobementioned，peopleorkoutindirettermstoreplaethem.Thuseu

8、phemismseintobEIng.Usingeuphemismsgivespeopleafeelingthatthearesomehatdistantfromh