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2023年高考真题变式题分类汇编专题10阅读理解A篇真题变式题（全国乙卷）【2023年高考真题】PRACTITIONERSJacquelineFelicedeAlmania(c.1322)highlightsthesuspicionthatwomenpracticingmedicinefaced.BorntoaJewishfamilyinFlorence,shemovedtoPariswheresheworkedasaphysicianandperformedsurgery.In1322shewastriedforpracticingunlawfully.Inspiteofthecourthearingtestimonials(证明)ofherabilityasadoctor,shewasbannedfrommedicine.JamesBarry(c.1789—1865)wasbornMargaretBulkleyinIrelandbut,dressedasaman,shewasacceptedbyEdinburghUniversitytostudymedicine.Shequalifiedasasurgeonin1813,thenjoinedtheBritishArmy,servingoverseas.Barryretiredin1859,havingpracticedherentiremedicalprofessionlivingandworkingasaman.TanYunxian(1461—1554)wasaChinesephysicianwholearnedherskillsfromhergrandparents.Chinesewomenatthetimecouldnotserveapprenticeships(学徒期)withdoctors.However,Tanpassedtheofficialexam.Tantreatedwomenfromallwalksoflife.In1511,Tanwroteabook,SayingsofaFemaleDoctor,describingherlifeasaphysician.RebeccaLeeCrumpler(1831—1895)workedasanurseforeightyearsbeforestudyinginmedicalcollegeinBostonin1860.Fouryearslater,shewasthefirstAfricanAmericanwomantoreceiveamedicaldegree.ShemovedtoVirginiain1865,wheresheprovidedmedicalcaretofreedslaves.1．WhatdidJacquelineandJameshaveincommon?A．Doingteachingjobs.B．Beinghiredasphysicians.C．Performingsurgery.D．Beingbannedfrommedicine.2．HowwasTanYunxiandifferentfromtheotherpractitioners?A．Shewroteabook.B．Shewentthroughtrials.C．Sheworkedasadentist.D．Shehadformaleducation.3．WhowasthefirstAfricanAmericanwithamedicaldegree?A．JacquelineFelicedeAlmania.B．TanYunxian.C．JamesBarry.D．RebeccaLeeCrumpler.
【高考真题变式题1】Womenareequallyresponsibleforthegrowthofafree,modernsociety.Here’salookatsomeoutstandingwomenwhomadegreatcontributionstoworldhistory.MariaSibyllaMerianToday,childrencanexplainhowacaterpillar(毛毛虫)turnsintoabutterfly(蝴蝶).Buttherewasatimewhennooneknewthis--notevenscientists.ThankstoMariaSibyllaMerian,weknowthetruthaboutthesebeautifulwingedinsects.Merianwasfascinatedbyinsects,andshebegancollecting,studying,anddrawingthemwhenshewasasyoungas13.Itwasthroughherstudyofcaterpillarsthatshediscoveredthetruthabouttheirlifecycles.BerylMarkhamBerylMarkhamwasquiteincredibleinnotjustaviation(航空)butseveralotherindustries,includinghorseracing.In1936,atage33,MarkhambecamethefirstwomantoflyacrosstheAtlanticalonefromtheeasttothewest,nonstop.Thepilotplayedaroleintheclassicbest-sellingnovelandfilm,OutofAfrica,andhadmanybiographiespennedabouthertalentsandlife.MadamC．J.WalkerMadamCJ.Walkerdevelopedaconditionthatcausedhertoloseherhair,andwithit,aninterestinhaircare.Shebeganworkingforblackhaircareentrepreneur(企业家)AnnieTurnboMalone.Eventually,WalkerbeganmakingandmarketingherownhaircareproductsdesignedforAfrican-Americanwomen.HercompanydevelopedintothesuccessfulMadamC．J.WalkerManufacturingCompany.SheiswidelyrecognizedasAmerica’sfirstblackfemaleself-mademillionaire.HedyLamarrYoumightknowHedyLamarrfromthesilverscreen;shestarredinmanyfilms.Butherfilmcareerisfarfromheronlyachievement;shewasalsoabrilliantinventor.In1942,shereceivedapatentforaninventionthatcouldchangeradiosignalfrequencies.Itpavedthewayformuchofthewirelesstechnologyweusetoday.4．Whohadalotofenthusiasmforthestudyofinsects?A．HedyLamarrB．BerylMarkhamC．MadamC．J.WalkerD．MariaSibyllaMerian5．WhatmadeMadamC．J.Walkerbegintofocusonthehaircare?A．Herlosingherhair.
B．Atypeofhaircareproduct.C．AnnieTurnboMalone’ssuccess.D．HerwishtohelpAfricanAmericans.6．WhatisspecialaboutHedyLamar?A．ShewasthefirstwomantoflyacrosstheAtlanticalone.B．Shewasbothafilmstarandaninventor.C．Shewasasuccessfulbusinesswoman.D．Shewasabest-sellingwriter.【高考真题变式题2】Manypeoplehaveasweettooth.Herearesomepopulartypesofcandyforthem.PopRocksPopRocksdiffersfromtypicalhardcandybecauseitdissolvesinthemouthwithpopping.ItwasinventedbyWilliamA．Mitchell,afoodscientistatGeneralFoods.Whiletryingtodesignaninstantsoftdrink,heputsomesugarflavoringmixedwithcarbondioxideinhismouth.Theexplodingcandybecameaculturalphenomenonafterithitthemarket.MilkDudsMilkDudsareacaramel(焦糖)ball,coveredwithachocolatecoatingmadefromcocoaandvegetableoil.Theywerecreatedin1928.In2008,theHersheyCompanychangedtheingredients(原料)ofsomeofitsproductstoreplacetherelativelyexpensivecocoabutter.Thiswasdonetomaintainthecurrentproductprice,ratherthanhavingtoraisethepricesofproductscontainingcocoabutter.Italsochangedthepackaginganddescriptionoftheproducts.RiesenRiesenwasGermany’sveryfirstcandybrand.Itwascreatedinthe1930sandquicklybecameapopularcandyduetoitsattractivecarameltaste.Thesecretliesintherichcaramelfilling,whichiscoveredbyathicklayerofdarkchocolate.Itsfansallovertheworldstilllovetheparticularlychocolatytaste.StarburstStarburstisthebrandnameofatypeofbox-shapedsofttaffycandy.Itwasinventedaround1960bytheWrigleyCompany,andtheownerofitisMars.Thiscandyhasdifferentflavorslikethestrawberry,orange,cherry,andlemon.IthasmanyvarietieslikeTropical,Sour,StrawberryMix,BerriesandCreme,andCandy
Corn.7．WhatcanbeknownaboutPopRocks?A．Itwasinventedbyaccident.B．Vegetableoilismainlyusedinmakingit.C．Itreceivedanegativemarketresponseatfirst.D．Therichcaramelfillingmakesitwidelypraised.8．WhydidtheHersheyCompanychangetheingredientsofitsproducts?A．Toattractyoungpeople.B．Togiveextraflavortothem.C．Tointroducelow-caloriesweets.D．Toavoidpricechangesbycontrollingcosts9．Whichkindofcandybestsuitspeoplewholovefruitaccordingtothetext?A．Riesen.B．Starburst.C．PopRocks.D．MilkDuds【高考真题变式题3】TakeActionforaBetterWorld:VolunteersNeededSixmonths’preparationinDenmark:Africastudies,teamworkcombinedwithsocialworkwithriskgroupteenagers.Sixmonths’communityworkinMalawiinPeopletoPeopleProjects:ChildAid,HIV/AIDSFightsandTeacherTraining.Qualifications:18yearsold,hardworkingandsocialengagementPleasecontactusbye-mail:takeaction@betterworld.comPart-timeWorkwithExchangeStudentsYOUTHInternationalisanon-profithighschoolforeignexchangestudentorganization.Wewelcometeenagersfromover80countriesworldwideandprovidehostfamilies.TheCommunityRepresentativeisapart-timepositiondesignedforpeoplewithastrongdesiretodosomethingrewardinginthecommunityandearnsomeextramoney.Applicantsbestsuitedforthisworkshouldenjoyteenagers,haveastronginterestincross-culturalcommunicationandfeelcomfortablenetworking.FulltrainingandsupportwillbeprovidedthroughbranchofficesthroughouttheUS.Positionsavailableinmoststates.
Ifinterested,pleasee-mailstaff@youth.orgorcall888-123-9872.InternationalSummerJobHi,I’manESLstudentinChina.I’m20,quietandpolite,andIspeakreasonableEnglish.I’mlookingforasummerjobinanEnglish-speakingcountry.IcanteachChineseordohouseandgardenworkandcookChinesedishes.Cananybodyoffermeajob?Idon’tneedtoearnmuch,justenoughintwomonths(July-August)topayformyreturntickettoChina.MygoalistoimprovemyEnglishandseeabitmoreoftheworld.Mye-mailis:ram3462@hotmail.com.CallforNativeSpeakerofEnglishIamlookingfornativespeakersofEnglishtojoininanexperiment.ThisexperimentiscarriedoutovertheInternet.Youdon’tneedanyspecificknowledgeotherthanunderstandingandspeakingEnglishatanativelevel.Thefirsttaskwilltakeyouaround15minutes.Afterthistask,youcandecidewhetheryouwanttocontinuetheexperiment.Thetasksinvolvereadingtextsanddesigningquestionsandanswers.Ifyouarewillingtohelpme,thenpleasee-mailus:club3804@hotmail.com.10．WherewillJack,avolunteer,receivethetrainingbeforeheissenttoworkinMalawi?A．InsomelocalofficesintheUS.B．InanESLorganizationinChina.C．InanexchangestudentcentreinAfrica.D．InapreparationprograminDenmark.11．WhoismostlikelytoworkasaCommunityRepresentativeinYOUTHInternational?A．OnewhohasastrongdesiretoimprovehisorherEnglish.B．Onewhohopestotakeactioninfightingagainstdiseases.C．Onewhoenjoysworkingwithteenagersfromdifferentcountries.D．Onewhowantstoearnsomepocketmoneyintheprogram.12．WhatarevolunteersforanexperimentovertheInternetsupposedtodo?A．Toprovidelanguageexercises.B．Todosomehousework.C．ToofferadviceonChildAid.D．Tointerviewpeopleonline.【高考真题变式题4】
4BestPlacestoTravelin20232023istheyearwhentravelreturnsinabigway.Togetyoustarted,we’veroundedupsomeofthebestplacestotravelin2023.Allyouneedtodoispicktheplacethatappealstoyou.CopenhagenWithitsfantastichouses,cleanstreetsandcolorfularchitecture,Copenhagenisregardedasthemostlivablecityontheearth.NamedtheWorldCapitalofArchitecturefor2023,Copenhagenwillofferaseriesofmajorartisticeventsandprogramssuretodelightarchitectsanddesignlovers.BhutanFortravelerswithasenseofadventureandaloveofdiscovery,Bhutanhasalwaysbeenamust-godestination.In2023,travelerscanonceagainexploretheTransBhutanTrail,whichruns250milesfromeasttowest,offeringvisitstothecentury-oldcommunitiesalongthejourney.Thetrailspans(横跨)18majorbridgesandnationalparksandconnectsmorethan400historicandculturalsites.BordeauxThecomingyearswillbesportyinthehistoricalwineregionofBordeauxinFrance.In2023,thecitywillhosttheRugbyWorldCup,anintenseandstressfulgame.Beyondsports,Bordeauxisoneofthefavoritehistoricalcities,withmorethan350structuresthatareeithernationallyorregionallylistedashistoricalmonuments.NamibiaWildlifeandadventureloverslookingforauniquepathinAfricanSafaritripsshouldheadstraighttoNamibiain2023—thiscountryinsouthernAfricaistheperfectplacetotraveltoreconnectwithnatureandescapethemodernstressesoflife.Onthewildlifefront,youmayseelionsalongwithgiraffesandelephants.13．WhatisCopenhagenwell-knownfor?A．Thenaturallandscape.B．Theadventuretravel.C．Eye-catchingarchitecture.D．Famousartdesigners.14．WhatcanyouvisitontheTransBhutanTrail?A．Moderncommunities.B．Culturalrelics.C．Historicalwineregions.D．Nationalmonuments.15．Whichplaceattractsthosewhowanttobefreefromstressfulcitylife?A．Copenhagen.B．Bhutan.C．Bordeaux.D．Namibia.
