山东省泰安市2021届高三上学期期末考试英语Word版含解析

《山东省泰安市2021届高三上学期期末考试英语Word版含解析》由会员上传分享，免费在线阅读，更多相关内容在教育资源-天天文库。

注意事项:1.答卷前,考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后,用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动,用橡皮擦干净后,再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。第一部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AHaveyoualwayswantedtomakeyourlifestylemoresustainable?Hereareafewtipsthatcommunityactivists,zero-wasteexpertsandeco-friendlyshopownersrecommendspecificallyforthepandemic(疫情).StartwithyourownmaskStillusingdisposable(一次性的)masksorN95s?HoiyinIp,anenvironmentalactivistinOrangeCounty,suggestsyoutransitiontoaclothmaskthatyoucanwashalongwiththerestofyourlaundry.Theyarereusable,sustainableandgenerallymorecomfortabletoo.EatsmartYoumaybetiredofyourowncookingandeatingathome.Whenorderingtakeout,Ipsuggestsaskingtherestauranttokeepitsplasticcutlery(餐具).“Beforeyouwalkawaywithyourto-gobag,check,lookintoyourbagtoseeifyouhavethisstuff,andgiveitbacktotherestaurant,”Ipsaid.ElectronicwasteOnceyourelectronicdevicehaswornout,recycleit.BatterycollectionsinCaliforniaaredownathirdcomparedtolastyear,hesaid,becausemanycollectionspotshaveclosedorreducedhours.Headvisescollectingoldbatteriesinabagandrecyclingthematadrop-offlocationnearyou.BuyinbulkEnvironmentaladvocateMonicaCampagnaiscreativelyadaptingbypurchasinglargequantitiesofheressentials—likerice,pastaandcereal—andrefillingareusablecontainerathome.Whileshedoesn’tgetridofdisposablesaltogether,buyinginbulkavoidslotsofsmallplasticbags,andthebiggerbagscanbereused.1.WhydoesHoiyinIpsuggestusingclothmasks?A.Generally,thereisnoneedtowash.B.Youcanspendlittlemoneyonthem.C.Theyaresustainableandmorecomfortable.

1D.They’restrongenoughtoreuseforalongtime.2.Whichistrueabout“eatingsmart”?A.Walkawaywithyourto-gobag.B.Don’ttakeawaytherestaurant’scutlery.C.Doyourbesttocookandeatathome.D.Ordertakeouttoavoidwaste.3.Inordertomakeyourlifestylemoresustainable,youshould_______.A.stillusedisposablemasksorN95sB.usuallygototherestauranttoeatC.throwoldbatteriesintodustbinsD.purchaselargequantitiesofyouressentials【答案】1.C2.B3.D【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一些由社区活动家、零废物专家和环保商店老板针对疫情特别推荐的能够让生活方式更加可持续的建议。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“Theyarereusable,sustainableandgenerallymorecomfortabletoo.（它们是可重复使用的，可持续的，而且通常也更舒适。）”可知，HoiyinIp认为布口罩可持续利用并且更舒适，所以建议使用这种口罩。故选C项。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段“Beforeyouwalkawaywithyourto-gobag,check,lookintoyourbagtoseeifyouhavethisstuff,andgiveitbacktotherestaurant.（在你带着你的打包袋离开之前，检查你的包里是否有这些东西，并把它交还给餐厅。）”可知，eatingsmart也是一种可持续的生活方式，意味着打包食物的时候不带走餐馆的餐具。故选B项。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段小标题“Buyinbulk（大量购买）”以及“Whileshedoesn’tgetridofdisposablesaltogether,buyinginbulkavoidslotsofsmallplasticbags,andthebiggerbagscanbereused.（虽然她并没有完全抛弃一次性用品，但批量购买可以避免大量的小塑料袋，而且大塑料袋可以重复使用。）”可知，购买大包装的生活必需品是一种环保可持续的生活方式，D项正确。A、B、C项都不符合可持续的生活理念。故选D项。B

2Braveheartisahistoricalfilmreleasedin1995.ItwasdirectedbyandstarredMelGibsonandwaslooselybasedonthestoryof13th-centuryScottishleaderWilliamWallace.ThemoviewasasurprisewinneroftheAcademyAwardforBestPicture.AfterWilliamWallace’sfatherandbrotherarekilledinthebattleagainsttheEnglish,WallaceissenttocontinentalEuropetobeeducated.HereturnstoScotlandasanadult(playedbyGibson)andmarrieshischildhoodsweetheart,Murron.WhenEnglishsoldierstrytohurtMurron,Wallacesavesherbutthesoldiersmakeasecondattemptandsheiscaughtandkilled.WallacethenleadshisfamilytofighttheEnglishtroops.HecontinuestofighttoforcetheEnglishtoleaveScotland,gainingincreasingnumbersoffollowersasstoriesofhisbraveactsspread.EnglishKingEdwardIsendsPrincessIsabella,hisson’swife,tonegotiatewithWallaceforpeace,butsheischarmedbyhimandbecomeshissupporter.ShewarnsWallaceofanupcomingattackfromtheEnglish.WallaceseeksthesupportoftheScottishnoblesinthefightagainsttheEnglish,butthenoblesarehesitating.RoberttheBruceisparticularlytorn.TheScottishfightersaredefeatedbyanarmyledbyKingEdwardIintheBattleofFalkirk.WallacetriestokillEdwardIhimselfbutisstoppedbyasoldier,whoprovestobeRoberttheBruce.RobertthensavesWallacefrombeingcaughtbytheEnglish.LaterWallaceagreestomeetwithRobertinEdinburgh,butRobert’sfatherandothernoblessetatrapandcatchWallace.TheyhandoverWallacetotheEnglish.Wallacerefusestogiveinandbeforebeingkilled,hecourageouslycriesout,“Freedom!”ThemoviewasinspiredbyalengthypoemaboutWilliamWallacebyBlindHarry.ItledtoanincreaseofinterestinScottishhistory,althoughitcontainednumeroushistoricalinaccuracies.4.WhatcanweknowfromParagraph1?A.ThefilmismadebyaScottishleader.B.ThefilmisatruestoryaboutMelGibson.C.Thefilmisaboutawarbreakingoutin1995.D.Thefilmisadaptedfromarealhistoricalstory.5.WhichofthefollowingstartsWallace’sfightingagainsttheEnglish?A.TheEnglishtroops’landinginScotland.B.Hiswife’sbeingkilledbytheEnglishsoldiers.C.ThefailureofnegotiationwithPrincessIsabella.D.Hisfatherandbrother’sbeingcaughtinthebattle.6.WhathappenstoWallaceintheend?A.HebecomestheleaderoftheScottishnobles.

3B.HedrivestheEnglishoutofScotland.C.HediesforScotland’sindependence.D.HegivesintotheEnglishKing.7Whatisthistextmainlyabout?A.Awarmovie.B.AScottishhistoricalhero.C.Afamousbattleinhistory.D.TheindependenceofScotland.【答案】4.D5.B6.C7.A【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一部历史战争片《勇敢的心》。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第一段“ItwasdirectedbyandstarredMelGibsonandwaslooselybasedonthestoryof13th-centuryScottishleaderWilliamWallace.（这部电影由梅尔·吉布森执导并主演，根据13世纪苏格兰领袖威廉·华莱士的故事改编）”可知，《勇敢的心》这部电影是根据一个真实的历史故事改编的。故填D项。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第二段“HereturnstoScotlandasanadult(playedbyGibson)andmarrieshischildhoodsweetheart,Murron.WhenEnglishsoldierstrytohurtMurron,Wallacesavesherbutthesoldiersmakeasecondattemptandsheiscaughtandkilled.（成年后，他回到苏格兰(吉布森饰演)，并与青梅竹马的恋人默伦结婚。当英国士兵试图伤害默伦时，华莱士救了她，但士兵们再次尝试，她被抓住并被杀死。然后华莱士带领他的家人与英国军队作战）”可知，妻子被英国士兵杀死引发了华莱士与英格兰人的战争。故选B项。【6题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Wallacerefusestogiveinandbeforebeingkilled,hecourageouslycriesout,“Freedom!”（他们把华莱士交给了英国人。华莱士拒绝屈服，在被杀前，他勇敢地呼喊“自由!”）”可知，华莱士最后为了苏格兰独立而死。故选C项。【7题详解】主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“Braveheartisahistoricalfilmreleasedin1995.ItwasdirectedbyandstarredMelGibsonandwaslooselybasedonthestoryof13th-centuryScottishleaderWilliamWallace.

4（《勇敢的心》是一部1995年上映的历史片，它由梅尔·吉布森执导并主演，根据13世纪苏格兰领袖威廉·华莱士的故事改编）”及全文内容可知，文章主要介绍了一部历史战争片《勇敢的心》。故选A项。CAroboticsteaminDublinHighSchool,California,US,hascomeupwithacreativesolutiontohelpcleanpartsoftheschoolduringthepandemic—asanitizingdrone.ItwasdesignedbytheGaelForceRoboticsTeam,andtheprojecthas10studentsworkingtodesign,constructandeventuallyflyit.Beforethedrone,ittookfivetosixhourstodisinfect(将消毒)thebleachers(露天看台)atthefootballstadium,accordingtoVicePrincipalPaulFaris.Oneofthestudentsthensuggestedmakingasanitizingdronetohelp.“Wedecidedtochallengeourselvestobuildthedronetonotonlykeepourstudentssafe,buttrytofindacost-effectivewaytodoit,”saidNiharikaSuravarjjala,whoisaseniorandalsotheteam’spresidentandprojectmanager.Thedronewillhavetheabilitytosprayadisinfectanttocleantheschool’s6,200-square-footfootballstadium.Thedronewillatfirsthavetheabilitytobemanuallyflownbyanoperatoronthegroundusingaphoneapplication,whichthestudentswillalsodevelop.Then,thestudentsplanonmakingupgradesthatwillincludetheabilityforautonomousflyingandevenartificialintelligence(AI)sothatthedronewillhavedepthperception(感知)andcandetectobjectsonitsown,Niharikasaid.Theteamresearchedsimilarindustrialdronemodels,suchastheonestheAtlantaFalconsusefortheirfootballstadium.Thestudentsfoundthosemodelscancostupto$15,000.Niharikasaid:“Wecandoalittlebetterthanthis.”TheystartedaGoFundMepagewithagoalof$4,000toraisefundsforpartsandequipmenttobuildthedrone.Themoneytheygothavealreadysurpassedtheirgoal.”Whenbuilt,theirdronewillalsohavetwicetheamountofflighttimeofotherindustrialmodels,at22minuteswithoutneedingtoberecharged,shesaid.TheGaelForceRoboticsTeamisoneofthelargestclubsatDublinHigh,with180members.Namedaftertheschool’smascot(吉祥物),thestudent-runroboticsclubhassixteamsthattakepartincompetitionsheldbyVEX,aneducationalroboticscompanythatholdsstateandnationalchampionshipgames.8.Whydidtheteamdecidetobuildthedrone?A.Togetridofrubbisharoundtheschool.B.Tosolvetheproblemoflackingstaff.C.Tomakedisinfectingcheaperandmoreefficient.D.Toprotectstudentsfromthedisinfectants.9.Whatwillthefirstversionofthesanitizingdronebeabletodo?A.Flywithanoperatoraboardtocontrolit.

5B.Flyaccordingtoordersgivenviaanapp.C.Perceivedepthonitsownwhileflying.D.Detectthingsautonomouslywhenflying.10.Comparedwithsimilarindustrialdrones,thesanitizingdrone_______.A.willbefundedbytheschoolB.willbenamedaftertheschool’smascotC.canberechargedmorequicklyD.willcostlesstomakeandwillbeabletoflylonger11.Whatisthepurposeofthetext?A.Tointroduceasanitizingdrone.B.Topraiseasuccessfulroboticsteam.C.Toexplaintheimportanceofsanitizing.D.Tolookforwardtothefutureofthedrones.【答案】8.C9.B10.D11.A【解析】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要介绍了国加利福尼亚州都柏林高中一个机器人团队设计了一款能够在疫情期间用于校园清洁的消毒无人机。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Beforethedrone,ittookfivetosixhourstodisinfectthebleachersatthefootballstadium,accordingtoVicePrincipalPaulFaris（据副校长保罗·法瑞斯说，在有无人机之前，他们花了五到六个小时为足球场的露天看台消毒）”以及““Wedecidedtochallengeourselvestobuildthedronetonotonlykeepourstudentssafe,buttrytofindacost-effectivewaytodoit,”saidNiharikaSuravarjjala,whoisaseniorandalsotheteam’spresidentandprojectmanager.（“我们决定挑战自我，制造这架无人机不仅是为了保护学生的安全，还试图找到一种经济有效的方法，”NiharikaSuravarjjala说，他是一名大四学生，也是该团队的主席和项目经理）”可知，这个团队决定制造无人机是为了使消毒更经济更有效。故选C项。【9题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Thedronewillatfirsthavetheabilitytobemanuallyflownbyanoperatoronthegroundusingaphoneapplication,whichthestudentswillalsodevelop.（无人机首先能够由地面上的操作员通过手机应用程序手动飞行，学生们也将开发这一应用程序）”可知，第一个版本的消毒无人机可以根据应用程序下达的命令飞行。故选B项。【10题详解】

6细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Thestudentsfoundthosemodelscancostupto$15,000.Niharikasaid:“Wecandoalittlebetterthanthis.”TheystartedaGoFundMepagewithagoalof$4,000toraisefundsforpartsandequipmenttobuildthedrone.Themoneytheygothavealreadysurpassedtheirgoal.”（学生们发现，这些模型的价格高达1.5万美元。Niharika说:“我们可以做得更好一点。他们在GoFundMe上创建了一个页面，目标是筹集4000美元，购买制造无人机的零部件和设备。他们得到的资金已经超过了他们的目标”）”以及文章第四段“Whenbuilt,theirdronewillalsohavetwicetheamountofflighttimeofotherindustrialmodels,at22minuteswithoutneedingtoberecharged,shesaid.（她说，一旦建成，他们的无人机的飞行时间将是其他工业型号的两倍，22分钟不需要充电）”可知，与同类工业无人机相比，消毒无人机制造成本更低，飞行时间更长。故选D项。【11题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第一段“AroboticsteaminDublinHighSchool,California,US,hascomeupwithacreativesolutiontohelpcleanpartsoftheschoolduringthepandemic—asanitizingdrone.ItwasdesignedbytheGaelForceRoboticsTeam,andtheprojecthas10studentsworkingtodesign,constructandeventuallyflyit.（美国加州都柏林高中的一个机器人团队想出了一个创造性的解决方案，帮助在疫情期间清洁学校的部分区域——消毒无人机。它是由GaelForce机器人团队设计的，该项目由10名学生设计、建造并最终试飞）”及全文内容可知，本文的目的是介绍一款消毒无人机。故选A项。DThinkingofgettingyourchildtotakeupasportthatinvolvesacoachorinstructor?Thereisapieceofgoodnews.Anewstudyfindsthatchildrenwhojoininorganizedphysicalactivitiesatayoungagearelesslikelytohaveemotionaldifficultiesbythetimetheyturn12.“Theprimaryschoolyearsareacriticaltimeinchilddevelopment,”saidFrédéricN.Brière,aprofessorofpsycho-educationwholedthestudy“.Andeveryparentwantstoraiseawell-adjustedchild.”Besideskeepingchildrenfromsittingforlong,physicalactivities,suchasstructuredsports,havethepotentialphysicalandmentalbenefits,Brièrebelieves,somethingparentsseemtoknowinstinctively(直觉地).“WefollowedalargerepresentativepopulationoftypicallydevelopingCanadianchildrenovertimetoexaminewhetherconsistentparticipationinorganizedsportsfromages6to10wouldlessenrisksassociatedwithemotionaldistress,anxiety,shyness,socialwithdrawalatage12,”saidBrière.“Ourgoalwastotestthisquestionascriticallyaspossiblebyexcludingpre-existingchildorfamilyconditionsthatcouldofferadifferentexplanation.”Todothis,Brièreandhisteamexamineddatafromchildrenbornin1997or1998.Fromages6to10,mothersreportedwhethertheirchildparticipatedinorganizedphysicalactivities.Atage12,teachersreportedonthechild’slevelsofemotionaldistress,anxiety,shyness,andsocialwithdrawalatschool.

7“Theresultsrevealedthatchildrenwhoparticipatedinsportsconsistentlyfromages6to10showedfewercasesofthosefactorsatage12thantheirpeerswhodidnotengageinphysicalactivitiesinaconsistentway,”saidBrière.“Wefoundthesebenefitsaboveandbeyondpre-existingindividualandfamilycharacteristic.”Brièreconcluded,“Gettingkidsactivelyinvolvedinorganizedsportsseemstopromoteglobaldevelopment.Thisinvolvementappearstobegoodonasocio-emotionallevelapartfromthephysicalbenefitsitbrings.Beinglessemotionallytroubledbetweenprimaryandhighschoolisapricelessbenefitforchildren,astheyareabouttoenteramuchlargeruniversewithbiggeracademicchallenges.”12.WhatdoesBrière’sstudyshowaboutdoingorganizedsports?A.Ithelpschildrenimprovestudyefficiency.B.Itimproveschildren’spersonalitydevelopment.C.Itstrengthenschildren’srelationshipwiththeirparents.D.Ithelpspreventchildrenfromhavingemotionalproblems.13.Whatcanweknowaboutthestudyprocess?A.Itinvestigateschildrenfromsimilarbackgrounds.B.Itrequirescooperationfromchildren’sparentsandteachers.C.Itfocusesonhowchildrenfitinwiththeenvironment.D.Ittakeschildren’spersonalhabitsintoconsideration.14.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“thosefactors”inParagraph4referto?A.Children’spersonalcharacteristics.B.Children’sperformancesinthestudy.C.Children’semotionalproblems.D.Children’sdailyactivities.15.Whyisemotionalhealthimportanttochildrenbetweenage6and12?A.Theywillsoonfacegreatacademicstress.B.Theygothroughaquickdevelopment.C.Theyaretoobusytoparticipateinsports.D.Theyaremorelikelytohavementalproblems.【答案】12.D13.B14.C15.A【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了Brière主持的一项研究结果——在很小的时候就参加有组织的体育活动的孩子在他们12岁时出现情绪问题的可能性更小。

8【12题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Anewstudyfindsthatchildrenwhojoininorganizedphysicalactivitiesatayoungagearelesslikelytohaveemotionaldifficultiesbythetimetheyturn12.（一项新的研究发现，在很小的时候就参加有组织的体育活动的孩子在他们12岁时出现情绪问题的可能性更小。）”可知，在Brière主持的研究中表示有组织的体育活动有助于防止孩子有情绪问题。故选D项。【13题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第三段“Fromages6to10,mothersreportedwhethertheirchildparticipatedinorganizedphysicalactivities.Atage12,teachersreportedonthechild’slevelsofemotionaldistress,anxiety,shyness,andsocialwithdrawalatschool.（从6岁到10岁，母亲们报告她们的孩子是否参加有组织的体育活动。12岁时，老师报告了孩子在学校的情绪困扰、焦虑、害羞和社交退缩的程度。）”说明Brière主持的研究需要孩子的家长和老师的合作。故选B项。【14题详解】词义猜测题。根据文章第一段“Anewstudyfindsthatchildrenwhojoininorganizedphysicalactivitiesatayoungagearelesslikelytohaveemotionaldifficultiesbythetimetheyturn12.（一项新的研究发现，在很小的时候就参加有组织的体育活动的孩子在他们12岁时出现情绪问题的可能性更小。）”以及第四段““Theresultsrevealedthatchildrenwhoparticipatedinsportsconsistentlyfromages6to10showedfewercasesofthosefactorsatage12thantheirpeerswhodidnotengageinphysicalactivitiesinaconsistentway,”saidBrière.（Brière称:“研究结果显示，与那些不经常参加体育活动的同龄人相比，那些6岁至10岁经常参加体育活动的孩子在12岁时出现这些因素的情况要少一些。”）”可知，经常参加体育活动的人出现情绪问题的可能性更小，因此推断thosefactors指的是情绪问题。故选C项。【15题详解】细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“Beinglessemotionallytroubledbetweenprimaryandhighschoolisapricelessbenefitforchildren,astheyareabouttoenteramuchlargeruniversewithbiggeracademicchallenges.（对孩子们来说，在小学和高中期间少一些情感困扰是一个无价的好处，因为他们即将进入一个更广阔的世界，面临更大的学业挑战。）”可知，情绪健康对于孩子很重要的原因在于他们很快就会面临巨大的学业压力。故选A项。第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Thepay-what-you-wantpricingsystemisamodelusedbyseveraltypesofbusinesses.Insteadofchargingasetpriceforitems,thebusinessallowscustomerstopaywhateveramounttheyfeelisacceptable.___16___

9Despitethefinancialrisk,businessesusuallydependoncustomers’generosityandsenseoffairness.Thepay-what-you-wantstrategyhasexistedincitiessuchasBerlinandLondonsincearound1999.IntheU.S.,itwasintroducedbyarestaurantinSaltLakeCityin2003.____17____Sincethen,someotherorganizationshaveemployedpay-what-you-wantasanexperimentalconcept.Pay-what-you-wantpolicieshavebeensomewhatlesseffectiveinrestaurantsandhealthcareprovidersettings.___18___In2007,forexample,thebandRadioheadoffereditsnewalbumasanonlinedownloadusingthepay-what-you-wantsystem,resultinginalargenumberofsales.___19___Somepeopleareuncomfortablewithitasitseemstheyhavetodiscussthepricewithsellers.Manyofthemwouldratherknowinadvancewhatthepriceisandpayitwithoutfeelingtheyhavepaideithertoomuchortoolittle.Othersargue,however,thatusingpay-what-you-wantsystemismorecost-effectiveforbusinessessincetheydonothavetoactivelymonitortheircustomers.Besides,researchersfoundthesystemwasmoresuccessfulwhenconsumersweretoldthatpartoftheircontributionswouldgotocharity.___20___A.Notallpeoplelikethepay-what-you-wantsystem.B.Theybelievecustomerswillpayverylittleornothing.C.OtherrestaurantsinChinahavesufferedsimilarresults.D.Mostcustomersinthissituationpaidmorefortheproductthanusual.E.Thecustomermightpaymuchmorethantheusualpriceornothingatall.F.Buttheyhaveachievedgreatersuccesswithproductslikemoviesandpoprecords.G.Thepracticemetwithsomesuccessearlyonbutcouldnotbecontinuedforalongtime.【答案】16.E17.G18.F19.A20.D【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一种商业模式中的定价系统——随你付。【16题详解】上文“Insteadofchargingasetpriceforitems,thebusinessallowscustomerstopaywhateveramounttheyfeelisacceptable.（该公司不再对商品收取固定价格，而是允许顾客支付他们认为可以接受的金额。）”说明顾客对于商品可以支付自己认为可接受的金额，即可多可少。E选项Thecustomermightpaymuchmorethantheusualpriceornothingatall.（顾客可能会支付比正常价格高得多的价格，或者什么也不付。）符合文意。故选E项。【17题详解】上文“IntheU.S.,itwasintroducedbyarestaurantinSaltLakeCityin2003.（在美国，2003

10年，盐湖城的一家餐馆引进了这种做法。）”说明早期“随你付”策略是成功的。下文“Sincethen,someotherorganizationshaveemployedpay-what-you-wantasanexperimentalconcept.（从那以后，其他一些组织已经把“随你付”作为一个实验性的概念。）”说明“随你付”不能长期使用。G选项Thepracticemetwithsomesuccessearlyonbutcouldnotbecontinuedforalongtime.（这种做法在早期取得了一些成功，但不能持续很长时间。）符合上下文意。故选G项。【18题详解】下文“In2007,forexample,thebandRadioheadoffereditsnewalbumasanonlinedownloadusingthepay-what-you-wantsystem,resultinginalargenumberofsales.（例如，在2007年，乐队Radiohead使用“随你付”的系统提供了其新专辑的在线下载，从而获得了巨大的销量。）”说明“随你付”在流行上容易取得成功。F选项Buttheyhaveachievedgreatersuccesswithproductslikemoviesandpoprecords.（但他们在电影和流行唱片等产品上取得了更大的成功。）符合下文文意。故选F项。【19题详解】下文“Somepeopleareuncomfortablewithitasitseemstheyhavetodiscussthepricewithsellers.（有些人对此感到不舒服，因为他们似乎不得不和卖家讨论价格。）”说明有些人不喜欢“随你付”这个制度。A选项Notallpeoplelikethepay-what-you-wantsystem.（并不是所有的人都喜欢“按需付费”的制度。）符合下文文意。故选A项。【20题详解】上文“Besides,researchersfoundthesystemwasmoresuccessfulwhenconsumersweretoldthatpartoftheircontributionswouldgotocharity.（此外，研究人员发现，当消费者被告知他们的部分捐款将捐给慈善机构时，该系统会更加成功。）”说明当消费者被告知部分捐款将捐给慈善机构时，他们会支付更多的钱。D选项Mostcustomersinthissituationpaidmorefortheproductthanusual.（在这种情况下，大多数顾客为产品支付了比平时更多的钱。）符合上文文意。故选D项。第二部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)项。阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选Itwasinspring,1968.Iwasstandingbesidearoadhopingsomeonecouldgivemea___21___.Iwasheadingbacktocampusthatwasmilesawayandwasconsidering___22___.Manydriverssloweddownandthen___23___afterhavingalookatme.Ididn’t___24___them.Whywouldtheypickupabearded,long-hairedstranger?Mylifewasvery___25___.Ifeltatalossincollege.Iconsideredpackingupmybelongingswhenreturningtomy___26___.Twohourspassed.Finallyacar___27___.Itoldthedrivermydestination.“ThecollegeinOneonta?

11That’s___28___.Getin,”hesaid.“I’mAaron.Thisismywife,Sylvia.”“I’mDave,ajunior,”Isaid.AaronaskedwhatIwas___29___incollege.“History,”Isaid.“Secondaryeducation,”“Soyou’llbeateacher,”hesaid.Inodded.“____30____!”Hesaidexcitedly.Iwassurprisedbyhisreaction.SylviaexplainedAaron’sdreamwastobeateacher.____31____,hecouldn’taffordcollegeschooling.Sohereally____32____me.Aaronaskedaboutmycollegelife.Ipaintedapositivepictureofmy____33____.Forthefirsttime,Isawmyfutureinfrontofme—tobeagoodteacher.Igotaclear____34____.Thankstothecouple,Igaveuptheideaofdiscontinuingmystudiesandfinally____35____asuccessfulteachingcareer.21.A.directionB.chanceC.liftD.job22.A.walkingforwardB.droppingoutC.movingbackD.checkingin23.A.leftB.stoppedC.laughedD.escaped24.A.trustB.forgetC.knowD.blame25.A.messyB.simpleC.ordinaryD.healthy26.A.homeB.campC.dormD.office27.A.pulledoverB.wentbackC.passedbyD.brokedown28.A.unheardB.multipleC.uncompletedD.distant29.A.teachingB.majoringinC.challengingD.worryingabout30.A.SurprisingB.FantasticC.BoringD.Terrible31.A.InsteadB.OtherwiseC.HoweverD.Therefore32.A.hatedB.supportedC.pitiedD.admired33.A.sufferingsB.careerC.experiencesD.future34.A.goalB.achievementC.realityD.suggestion35.A.missedB.startedC.offeredD.ruined【答案】21.C22.B23.A24.D25.A26.C27.A28.D29.B30.B31.C32.D33.C34.A35.B【解析】这是一篇记叙文。讲述了作者大学生活很糟糕，想要去辍学，结果给他搭便车的一对夫妇很羡慕他能当老师，他感觉自己前途有了目标，放弃了辍学的念头，最终开始了一段成功的教育生涯。【21题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我站在路边，希望有人能载我一程。A.direction方向；B.chance机会；C.lift电梯，搭便车；D.job工作。根据第二段中“Manydriverssloweddownandthen___3___afterhavingalookat

12me.”以及第三段中“Whywouldtheypickupabearded,long-hairedstranger?”可知，作者是想搭便车。故选C项。【22题详解】考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：我正要回几英里外的校园，正考虑退学。A.walkingforward向前走；B.droppingout退出；C.movingback后退；D.checkingin报到。根据文章最后一句中“Thankstothecouple,Igaveuptheideaofdiscontinuingmystudies”可知，作者是想退学。故选B项。【23题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：很多司机都减速了，看了我一眼就离开了。A.left离开；B.stopped停止；C.laughed大笑；D.escaped逃脱。根据后文“Whywouldtheypickupabearded,long-hairedstranger?”可知，很多司机看了作者一眼就离开了。故选A项。【24题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我没有责怪他们。A.trust信任；B.forget忘记；C.know认识；D.blame责怪。根据后文“Whywouldtheypickupabearded,long-hairedstranger?”可知，作者理解这些司机，所以不去责怪他们。故选D项。【25题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他们为什么要接一个长胡子长发的陌生人?我的生活很混乱。我在大学里感到不知所措。A.messy凌乱的，混乱的；B.simple简单的；C.ordinary普通的；D.healthy健康的。根据后文“Ifeltatalossincollege.”可知，作者在大学里不知所措，所以生活应该是很混乱的。故选A项。【26题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我考虑过回宿舍时收拾行李。A.home家；B.camp营地；C.dorm宿舍；D.office办公室。基于第2题的分析可知，作者想要退学，所以考虑回学校宿舍收拾行李。故选C项。【27题详解】考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：最后一辆车停在路边。A.pulledover靠边停车；B.wentback回去；C.passedby路过；D.brokedown发生故障。根据后文“Itoldthedrivermydestination.”可知，这辆汽车靠边停车了。故选A项。【28题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：那在远处。A.unheard前所未闻的；B.multiple数量多的；C.uncompleted未完成的；D.distant遥远的，远处的。根据前文“Itoldthedrivermydestination.”和司机问的“ThecollegeinOneonta?”可知，此处指的是距离“在远处”。故选D项。【29题详解】考查动词（短语）词义辨析。句意：Aaron问我在大学主修什么。A.teaching教学；B.majoringin主修；

13C.challenging挑战；D.worryingabout担心。根据后文作者的回答“History”可知，他问的是主修什么。故选B项。【30题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“太棒了!”他兴奋地说。A.Surprising令人吃惊的；B.Fantastic棒极了；C.Boring无聊的；D.Terrible糟糕的。根据后文“Hesaidexcitedly.”以及“SylviaexplainedAaron’sdreamwastobeateacher.”可知，司机在赞美作者未来的教师职业。故选B项。【31题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，他上不起大学。A.Instead代替；B.Otherwise否则；C.However然而；D.Therefore因此。前文“SylviaexplainedAaron’sdreamwastobeateacher.”和后文“hecouldn’taffordcollegeschooling.”是转折关系，所以用However。故选C项。【32题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：所以他真的很钦佩我。A.hated憎恨；B.supported支持；C.pitied可怜；D.admired钦佩。根据前文“SylviaexplainedAaron’sdreamwastobeateacher.___11___,hecouldn’taffordcollegeschooling.”可知，因为作者以后能做老师，Aaron很钦佩作者。故选D项。【33题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我对我的经历描绘了一幅积极的画面。A.sufferings痛苦；B.career职业；C.experiences经历；D.future未来。根据前文“Aaronaskedaboutmycollegelife.”可知，Aaron问我大学生活，所以作者描绘自己的生活经历。故选C项。【34题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我有一个明确的目标。A.goal目标；B.achievement成就；C.reality现实；D.suggestion建议。根据前文“Forthefirsttime,Isawmyfutureinfrontofme—tobeagoodteacher.”可知，作者未来前途就要做个好老师，所以有了明确的目标。故选A项。【35题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：多亏了这对夫妇，我放弃了辍学的念头，最终开始了一段成功的教育生涯。A.missed思念，错过；B.started开始；C.offered提供；D.ruined毁灭。根据前文“Igaveuptheideaofdiscontinuingmystudies”可知，作者放弃了辍学的念头，所以最终开始了教育生涯。故选B项。第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Childhoodsweregreatlychanging,withfeweropportunitiestospendtimeoutdoors,researchers___36___(observe).Thelossofexposuretothe___37___(nature)environmentwouldhavenegativelong-termconsequences,

14theywarned.Settingup___38___“outdoorlearningcenter”wouldhelpteachers,andhelpshapepoliciesandstrategy,theysuggested.Thereporthighlightedpreviousstudiesthatshowedthat___39___(busy)familylives,combinedwithan___40___(increase)senseoffearinsociety,childrenwerehavingfeweropportunitiestoexploretheirsurroundingenvironment.Thiswasdecliningchildren’ssocialskillsaswellasriskingstifling(抑制)theirlong-termphysical,emotional___41___(develop)andwellbeing.Therefore,itwasimportantthatschoolsdidnotoverlooktheopportunitiesthatoutdoorlearningprovided____42____(bridge)thisgap.“Atthemoment,ifoutdoorlearning___43___(be)partofaschool’scurriculuminEngland,itislargelybecausetheteachershaverecognizedthevalueofit,”saidreportco-author,SueWaite,areaderinoutdoorlearningatPlymouthUniversity,UK.Withsomuchfocus___44___academicachievement,therecanbepressureonteacherstostayintheclassroom,____45____meanschildrenaremissingoutonsomanyexperiencesthatwillbenefitthemthroughtheirlives.【答案】36.observed37.natural38.an39.busier40.increased41.development42.tobridge43.is44.on/upon45.which【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了儿童的童年生活随着户外活动的机会减少正在发生巨大变化。【36题详解】考查时态。句意：研究人员发现，随着户外活动的机会减少，儿童的童年正在发生巨大变化。研究人员发现发生在过去，因此用一般过去时。故填observed。【37题详解】考查形容词。句意：他们警告说，失去接触自然环境的机会将会带来长期的负面影响。修饰名词environment用形容词形式。故填natural。【38题详解】考查冠词。句意：他们建议，建立一个“户外学习中心”将有助于教师，并有助于制定政策和战略。center为可数名词，此处表示泛指，outdoor发音以元音音素开头，需用不定冠词an。故填an。

15【39题详解】考查形容词比较级。句意：该报告强调了之前的研究，这些研究表明，家庭生活越繁忙，加上对社会的恐惧感增加，孩子们探索周围环境的机会越来越少。根据“feweropportunities”可知，填空处应为形容词比较级。故填busier。【40题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：该报告强调了之前的研究，这些研究表明，家庭生活越繁忙，加上对社会的恐惧感增加，孩子们探索周围环境的机会越来越少。修饰名词senseoffear，与increase之间为被动关系，所以用过去分词作定语。故填increased。【41题详解】考查名词。句意：这降低了孩子们的社交能力，并有可能扼杀他们长期的身体、情感发展和健康。形容词emotional后接名词形式，填空处与名词wellbeing为并列成分。故填development。【42题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：因此，重要的是，学校没有忽视户外学习提供的机会，以弥补这一差距。填空处应为动词不定式，表目的。故填tobridge。【43题详解】考查主谓一致和时态。句意：“目前，如果户外学习成为英国学校课程的一部分，很大程度上是因为教师认识到户外学习的价值。”报告的共同作者苏·怀特说，她是英国普利茅斯大学户外学习的读者。从句主语为outdoorlearning为不可数名词，谓语动词用第三人称单数，时间状语为atthemoment，用一般现在时。故填is。44题详解】考查介词。句意：由于过于关注学业成绩，可能会迫使老师们待在教室里，这就意味着孩子们错过了很多会让他们终生受益的经历。focuson/upon“集中于”，为固定搭配。故填on/upon。【45题详解】考查定语从句。句意：由于过于关注学业成绩，可能会迫使老师们待在教室里，这就意味着孩子们错过了很多会让他们终生受益的经历。此句为非限制性定语从句，填空处应填关系代词which指代整个主句。故填which。第三部分写作(共两节，满分40分)第一节(满分15分)46.为了让大家更多地了解野生动物，提高对野生动物的保护意识，上周末，你班同学参观了市郊区的野生动物园。请你就此事写一篇英文报道，内容包括:1.时间及地点；

162.活动过程；3.活动的意义。注意：1.写作词数应80左右；2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；3.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。AVISITTOAWILDLIFEPARK_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】Lastweekend,IwenttotheWildlifezoointhesuburbofthecitywithmyclassmates.Thezooisverylargeandbeautiful,therearealotofanimalsthere,suchaspanda,lion,tiger,snake,elephantandsoon.Allofushadagoodtimeandcamehomewhenthesunwasgoingtosinkbehindthehill.FromthisvisittothisWildlifezoo,welearntthatwildlifehadnowheretolivebecausehumanskeptcuttingdownforestsandtakinglands.Whenthetemperaturedroppedbelowzero,wildlifehadnofoodtoeat.Soweshouldtakeactiontopreventnaturaldisastersandprotectwildlife.Whatismore,weshouldalwaysaskourparentsandrelativesnottobuyanyfurcoats.Weshouldtrytokeepourworldcleanandpeace.【解析】【分析】本篇书面表达属于一篇报道，要求考生就上周末和同学参观了市郊区的野生动物园写一篇英文报道，让大家更多地了解野生动物，提高对野生动物的保护意识。【详解】第一步：审题体裁：应用文时态：根据提示，时态主要为一般过去式和一般现在时。结构：总分法总分法指把主题句作为总说，把支持句作为分说，并以这种方式安排所写内容。要求：1.时间及地点；2.活动过程；3.活动的意义。第二步：列提纲（重点词组）

17andsoon;keepdoing;haveagoodtime;dropbelowzero;takeactions;keepcleanandpeace第三步：连词成句1.Thezooisverylargeandbeautiful,therearealotofanimalsthere,suchaspanda,lion,tiger,snake,elephant,andsoon.2.FromthisvisittothisWildlifezoo,welearntthatwildlifehadnowheretolivebecausehumanskeptcuttingdownforestsandtakinglands.3.Allofushadagoodtimeandcamehomewhenthesunwasgoingtosinkbehindthehill.4.Whenthetemperaturedroppedbelowzero,wildlifehadnofoodtoeat.5.Soweshouldtakeactionstopreventnaturaldisastersandprotectwildlife.6.Weshouldtrytokeepourworldcleanandpeace.根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。第四步：连句成篇（衔接词）1.表并列补充关系：Whatismore,2.表因果关系：because,So连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰。【点睛】[高分句型1]Allofushadagoodtimeandcamehomewhenthesunwasgoingtosinkbehindthehill.(when引导的时间状语从句)[高分句型2]FromthisvisittothisWildlifezoo,welearntthatwildlifehadnowheretolivebecausehumanskeptcuttingdownforestsandtakinglands.(that引导的宾语从句和because引导的原因状语从句)第二节(满分25分)47.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写的词数应为150左右。Severalyearsago,ItraveledbytraintoStockholm.Iwasvisitingtwofriendswhoweretomeetmeatthetrainstation.IstoodtherewaitingformyfirstfriendtoarriveandinthemidstofallthehurryingpassengersthatFridayafternoon,Iheardaweakvoice;itsoundedlikeaquestion.Iturnedandsawayoungmanstandingwithawhitecane(拐杖),hissuitcasebyhisfeet.Iapproachedandasked,“Doyouneedhelp?”“Yes,”hereplied,noddinghishead,appearingrelieved.Hehadbeentryingforsometime,unsuccessfully,togetsomeone’sattention.Hehadmissedhistrainhome.Hiscellphonebatterywasdead,andheneededtocallhismothertotellherofthecircumstances.

18ThisyoungmannamedMustafa,Ifoundout,hadjustcompletedhisfirstweekataschoolfortheblind.HewenttoschoolonMondaysandreturnedhomeonFridays.OfcourseIhelpedhimcallhismother.Ididnotunderstandwhathespokewithheronmycellphone,butIcouldtellthelanguagewasSwedish.Ofcoursethenextproblemwasfindingtherighttrainhomeandtellinghismotherthenewarrivaltime.Yetinthisdisorderedtrainstation,IdidnotwanttomissconnectingwithmyfriendBogdanwhowasonhiswaytothespotwherewewerestanding.BeforeIcoulddialthenumbertocallBogdan,hewassuddenlyalreadythere.IdescribedtheproblemandBogdantooktheyoungman’sarmandwewereoffonouradventuretohelpgetMustafahome.Whilesortingoutwherehishomewas,whattrain,andwhattime,mysecondfriendMarcellocalledandwonderedwherewewere.Soonhejoinedus.IthappenedthatMarcellospeaks12languages.注意：1.续写词数应为150左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。Marcello’sgiftinlanguagewasagreatadvantage.___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________NowwewereleadingMustafatohistrain.___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】Paragraph1:Marcello’sgiftinlanguagewasagreatadvantage.NowwecouldtalkwithMustafamoreeffectively,learningaboutmoreinformationabouthim.Later,MarcellocalledMustafa’smotherinSwedish.Wetoldhernottoworryaboutherson.Wealsotoldherthathersonhadmissedhistrainsowehelpedhimchooseanothertrain.Intheend,weletMustafatalkwithhismotheronthephone.Hewasgratefulforourhelpandtoldhismotherthetimeofhisarrival.Paragraph2:NowwewereleadingMustafatohistrain.Andwesetofftofindthetrainplatform.Thenitwastimetohelphimgetonthetrain,andit’sbesttofindaseatwithsomeonewhocouldlookafterMustafaandhelphimgetoffthetrain.Unexpectedly,awomanonthetrainsuddenlyrecognizedMustafa.Itturnedoutthatshewasateacherathisschool,andMustafawasjustherstudent.Whatacoincidence!Thatwastheendofouradventure.【解析】

19【分析】这是一篇记叙文，讲述了作者去斯德哥尔摩旅行拜访自己的朋友，在火车站等待朋友接自己时，遇到一个名字叫穆斯塔法的盲人，手里拄着拐杖，正在向过往的路人求助。原来是由于他没有赶上回家的火车，而且手机也没电了，他需要打电话给他的母亲告诉她情况。作者和前来接作者的朋友们想要帮助穆斯塔法。【详解】1.段落续写：①由第一段首句内容“马塞洛的语言天赋是他的一大优势。”可知，第一段可描写马塞洛用自己的语言优势帮助盲人穆斯塔法的经过。②由第二段首句内容“现在我们正带着穆斯塔法走向他的那班火车。”可知，第二段可描写作者和作者的朋友将盲人穆斯塔法送上火车的经过。2.续写线索：朋友会瑞典语——用瑞典语沟通——给盲人妈妈打电话——告知情况——送去车站——送到座位3.词汇激活行为类①.了解情况：learningaboutmoreinformation/askforinformation/getinformation②.出发：setoff/startoff③.照顾：lookafter/carefor/attendto情绪类①.感谢：showinghisappreciation/showhisgratitude/begrateful②.担心：worryabout/beanxiousabout【点睛】[高分句型1].Hewasgratefulforourhelpandtoldhismotherthetimeofhisarrival.（begratefulfor因…..而感激）[高分句型2].Thenitwastimetohelphimgetonthetrain,andit’sbesttofindaseatwithsomeonewhocouldlookafterMustafaandhelphimgetoffthetrain.（由固定句型itistimetodosth是做某事的时候了和固定句型itis+adj+todo干某事是……，）[高分句型3].Itturnedoutthatshewasateacherathisschool,andMustafawasjustherstudent.（it作形式主语，that引导的主语从句，turnout：结果证明）