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1、23TheRighttoSecurityLioraLazarusIntroductionTherighttosecurityisenshrinedininternationalhumanrightstreatiesandconsti-tutionsglobally.Inmanyoftheseprovisions,therightisarticulatedalongsidetherighttolibertyfromthestate.Inothers,therightislinkedtofreedomfromviolenceorbodilyinvasionfromnon-stateactors
2、.Theserightsgiverisetocorrelativedutieswhichcanattimesappeardiametricallyopposed.Onerightcallsforprotectionfromthestate,whiletheothercallsforstateprotection.Theseopposingdimensionsgiverisetodifferentphilosophicaljustificationsforwhysecurityoughttoberegardedasahuman right.Atfirstblush,bothaspectsof
3、therighttosecurityseemaxiomaticallyagoodthing.Allpeoplesharetheambitiontolivefreefromfearofattack,lossoflife,arbitraryarrest,detentionorcoerciveinterrogation.Thischapterexploresthetheoreticalargu-mentsthatsupporttherecognitionofthatambitionasarightworthyoflegalandmoralprotection.SectionI identifie
4、scompetingconceptionsofsecurityinthethe-oriesofHobbesandLocke.SectionIIdiscussesthephilosophicaljustificationsfortherighttosecurityintheworkofBlackstone,Shue,Fredman,Powell,andRamsay.SectionIIIexposestheproblemsassociatedwithbroadconceptionsofsecurityasameta-right,andarguesinfavourofaspecificandna
5、rrowconceptionofthe right.I.CompetingConceptionsofSecurityBeforeembarkingonthisanalysisitisworthoursettingoutsomekeydistinctions.Thereisadifferencebetweenrecognizingthe‘good’ofsecurity,andrecognizingwhetherspecificactionstakeninitspursuitconstituteasocialgood.Thereisalsoadifferencebetweenrecognizi
6、ngthesocialgoodofsecurity,anddecidingthatweoughttorecognizeandprotectanindividual’srighttosecurity.Finally,thereisadifferencebetweenrecognizingarighttosecurityinprinciple,anddeterminingthescopeofthecorrelativeobligationsitplacesuponstatesandtheweightitholdsrelativetootherrights.Whatmakessecurityag
7、ood?LoaderandWalkerarguethatsecurityisa‘“thick”publicgood’,a‘greatcivilizingforce’,anda‘necessaryandvirtuouscomponentofthegoodsociety’.1Theirargumentsarenotwithoutkeyantecedents,forHobbesandLockethoughtcarefullya