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时间:2020-06-25
《被动语态的特殊用法.doc》由会员上传分享,免费在线阅读,更多相关内容在教育资源-天天文库。
1、被动语态的特殊用法我们刚刚学习了被动语态的构成和一些基本用法,下面就一起来看看被动语态的一些特殊用法。一、一些特殊动词的被动语态 1.跟复合宾语的动词的被动语态感官动词或使役动词的主动语态后跟不带to不定式作宾语补足语,但变为被动语态时,须转为带to不定式。如: Isawabagdropfromthebus.→Abagwasseentodropfromthebus. Mothermadeherbabysleepinherarms.→Thebabywasmadetosleepinhermother’sarms.2.跟双宾语
2、的动词的被动语态直接宾语和间接宾语都可作被动语态的主语。如:Mr.Smithgaveusalecture.→WeweregivenalecturebyMr.Smith.或AlecturewasgivenbyMr.Smith.当句中含有return,write,find,buy等动词时,常把直接宾语转为被动语态的主语,同时要注意介词的搭配。如:Ireturnedhimthebook.→Thebookwasreturnedtohim.(注意用to)Hewrotemeashortnote.→Ashortnotewaswrittent
3、ome.(注意用to)Hefoundmeanumbrella.→Anumbrellawasfoundforme.(注意用for)Iboughthersomeflowers.→Someflowerswereboughtforher.(注意用for)3.短语动词的被动语态变成被动语态时,短语动词应当看作一个整体,其中的介词或副词不能丢掉。如: Wecan’tlookdownuponanybody.→Anybodycan’tbelookeddownupon. Thedoorkeeperturnsoffthelightsat11p
4、meveryday.→Thelightsareturnedoffat11pmbythedoorkeepereveryday. Thenurseistakingcareofthesickman.→Thesickmanisbeingtakencareofbythenurse.二、被动语态的几种特殊形式1.当break,wash,sell,burn,read,clean,run,ride,wear,write等动词有状语修饰时,用主动形式表示被动意义。 Glassbreakseasily.玻璃易碎。Theclothwashesw
5、ell.这种布料很好洗。 Thisnewbooksellswell.新书很畅销。Drywoodburnseasily.干柴易燃。Theletterreadsasfollows.信的内容如下。Theglasscleanseasily.这些杯子易洗。Thenewcarrunswell.这辆新车跑得很正常。Mynewbikerideswell.我的新自行车很好骑。Theshoeswearlong.这种鞋子很耐穿。Thepenwritessmoothly.这笔写起来很流畅。2.有些动词形式上是被动的,但实际上是“系动词+表语”结构。
6、如:Heisseatedatthedesk.他坐在桌旁。Theboywaslostinthestreet.男孩在街上迷路了。Thegirlisdressedinaredskirt.这个女孩穿着红裙子。Hewasdrunkinthebar.他在酒吧喝醉了。Mydreamisgonewiththewind.我的梦随风而去了。[小试]用括号中动词的适当形式填空。1.TheMid-AutumnFestival_______(celebrate)inChina.2.I_______(ask)bymymothernottotouchthe
7、dogyesterday.3.Booksofthiskind_______(sell)verywell.4.—Haveyoumovedintothenewhouse?—Notyet,theroom_______(paint).5.Theboy_______(bringup)inthecountryside.6.Agoodjob_______melastyear.(offer)Key:1.iscelebrated2.wasasked3.sell4.isbeingpainted5.wasbroughtup6.wasofferedt
8、o
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