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1、TheStrategicChallengesofElectronicCommerceIntroduction11thCenturyEuropesawtheemergenceofcredit-basedbankingsystemsandfinancialinstrumentssuchasbillsofexchange.Theseconceptsremainwithus,intheirmodifiedform,tothisday(Chown,1994).Theyunderpinallmodernformsofcommerce.Thearrivalofinformat
2、iontechnology(computersandtelecommunications)hasraisedtheprospectofradicalchangetothistraditionalmodel.TheriseoftheInternet(electroniccommerce),sincetheadventoftheWorldWideWeb,hasprovidedaneasytousecommunicationchannelforbusinessestocontactcurrentandpotentialcustomers.Theemergenceoft
3、heInternetasageneralcommunicationchannelhasalsogivenrisetothepossibilityofwidespreadelectroniccommerce.Eventhoughthereisstillmuchdebaterelatingtoelectronicpaymentforcommercialactivities,thisisclearlyanareaofgrowth.ItisdifficulttosayhowlargetheInternetis.Hoffman&Novak(1996)quoteanumbe
4、rofsurveys(O'Reilly,FIND/SVP,TimesMirrorandCommerceNet)whichsuggestthatthereareatleast10millionInternetusersintheUnitedStatesalone.Thenumberofcomputers(hosts)connectedtotheInternettopped9.47million(NetworkWizards,1996)asofJanuary1996.Notethatasinglehostsupportsanywherefromasingleuser
5、to,insomecases,thousandsofusers.AsofMarch21,1996,24,347firmswerelistedinOpenMarket's(1996)directoryof"CommercialServicesontheNet,"andtherewere54,800entriesinthe"Companies"directoryoftheYahooGuidetoWWW(Yahoo,1996),withthetotalnumberofWebsitesdoublingapproximatelyeverytwomonths.JimClar
6、ke,thechairmanofNetscape,estimatedtheInternethas40millionusersin1995withgrowthat8%permonth(Clarke,1995).TheInternetisonlyoneaspectoftechnology.Businessesrequireinformationandsupportingsystems(processes)tohandlethedata-overtimethesesystemshavebecomecomputerised(IT).Moderninformationte
7、chnologycanbothsupporttheprocessesandhelpcaptureusefulinformationfortheenterprise.Thesetechnologiesinclude:1.Organizationalsupportsystems,suchasworkflowandgroupware-makingbusinessesmoreefficient.2.Customercontactdatabases-helpingcaptureinformationaboutcustomersandfacilitatenewmethods
8、ofmarketing.
