学术综合英语课件6

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1、Unit7SectionADishonoringtheHonorSystemFredGuterlCulturalBackgroundInMay2002,BellLabsappointedProfessorMalcolmBeasleyofStanfordUniversitytochairacommittetoinvestigatepossiblescientificfraud.OnSeptember25,2002,thecommittepubliclyreleaseddetailsof24allegationsofmisconduct.TheyfoundthatJ

2、anHendrikSchönmisrepresenteddata16times,publishingidenticalchartstosupporthisthesisinseveralscientificpaperswithdifferentexperiments.CulturalBackgroundBellLabsfiredJanHendrikSchönontheday.YettheSchönscandalprovokeddiscussioninthescientificcommunityaboutthedegreeofresponsibilityofcoau

3、thorsandorigalityofpapers.ItwasdisturbingthatnoneofSchön'smisrepresentationswerecaughtbythepeerreviewprocess.PreparingtoReadWhatwasyourpurposeofpublishingtheartricle?Howdoyouunderstandthephrase"Publishorperish"?Whatarethemostimportantscientificjournalsintheworld?Isthereanyscientifics

4、candalsinyouracademiccircle?DoyouthinkthejournalImpactFactorcanevaluatethequalityofresearch?Refertotheintroductionandquestionsonpage228,andoralpracticeonpage239.StudyoftheText1.Introduction(Paragraph1-2)Whoareinvolvedinthescientificscandalsinthetext?GermanphysicistJanHendrikSchönandt

5、heSouthKoreanresearcherHwangWooSukwerefoundtohavefabricateddata.hubris:excessiveprideandarrogancethatleadstoone'sdownfall.arbiter:sb.whocanmakeajudgementorsettleadispute.StudyoftheText2.Body:(Paragraph3-7)WhyaretheBigTwomoreinfluentialthanotherjournals?(Para.3-4)Whatarescientists'att

6、itudestowardthem?(Para.5)whim:ideabasedonimpulseWhatistheprocesstoevaluateamanuscript?Whyisitdifficultforthemtospotcheating?(Para.6-7)TwoofitsBoardofReviewingEditors,peerreview,threestem-cellexperts,editor-in-chiefDonaldKennedy3.Conclusion:(Paragraph8-9)Whatareeditorsandscientistmore

7、worriedabout?Themyriadsmallerinfractions...Canjournalstakestrongermeasurestospotinstancesoffraud?Why?...it’sunlikelythatthejournalsaregoingtotakemarkedlystrongermeasurestovetmanuscripts....it’sdifficulttoseewhattheycoulddotomakesciencebeyondthehonorsystem.Translation