商务英语阅读unit-2教学课件.ppt

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1、UnitTwoTeachingObjectives了解世界贸易组织的功能了解如何解决国际贸易中出现的冲突了解世界贸易组织的争端解决机制TeachingEmphasessettlingdisputesglobaleconomyconsultationappealstheDisputeSettlementBodyContentTextFastReadingIFastReadingIITEXTSettlingDisputes--theWTO’sUniqueContributionPre-readingquestions1.Doyouknowanythingabouttradedispute??2.

2、DoyouknowthefunctionsoftheWTODisputeSettlementBody?UPPREV.NEXTDisputesettlementisthecentralpillarofthemultilateraltradingsystem,andtheWTO’suniquecontributiontothestabilityoftheglobaleconomy.Withoutameansofsettlingdisputes,therules-basedsystemwouldbelesseffectivebecausetherulescouldnotbeenforced.The

3、WTO’sprocedureenhancestheruleoflaw,anditmakesthetradingsystemmoresecureandpredictable.Thesystemisbasedonclearly-definedrules,withtimetablesforcompletingacase.Firstrulingsaremadebyapanelandendorsed(orrejected)bytheWTO’sfullmembership.Appealsbasedonpointsoflawarepossible.However,thepointisnottopassju

4、dgement.Thepriorityistosettledisputes,throughconsultationsifpossible.ByJuly2019,onlyabout130ofthenearly332caseshadreachedthefullpanelprocess.Mostoftheresthaveeitherbeennotifiedassettled“outofcourt”orremaininaprolongedconsultationstage—somesince2019.PrinciplesthatWTOfollowsinsettlingdisputeareequita

5、ble,fast,effective,andmutuallyacceptable.DisputesintheWTOareessentiallyaboutbrokenpromises.WTOmembershaveagreedthatiftheybelievefellow-membersareviolatingtraderules,theywillusethemultilateralsystemofsettlingdisputesinsteadoftakingactionunilaterally.Thatmeansabidingbytheagreedprocedures,andrespectin

6、gjudgments.Adisputeariseswhenonecountryadoptsatradepolicymeasureortakessomeactionthatoneormorefellow-WTOmembersconsiderstobebreakingtheWTOagreements,ortobeafailuretoliveuptoobligations.Athirdgroupofcountriescandeclarethattheyhaveaninterestinthecaseandenjoysomerights.Aprocedureforsettlingdisputesexi

7、stedundertheoldGATT,butithadnofixedtimetables,rulingswereeasiertoblock,andmanycasesdraggedonforalongtimeinconclusively.TheUruguayRoundAgreementintroducedamorestructuredprocesswithmoreclearlydefinedstagesint