语言学教程复习题与答案.doc

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1、.语言学教程复习题与答案(胡壮麟版第一章)ChapterI  IntroductionI.DecidewhethereachofthefollowingstatementsisTrueorFalse:1.Linguisticsisgenerallydefinedasthescientificstudyoflanguage.2.Linguisticsstudiesparticularlanguage,notlanguagesingeneral.3.Ascientificstudyoflanguageisbasedonwhatthelinguistthinks.4.Inthes

2、tudyoflinguistics,hypothesesformedshouldbebasedonlanguagefactsandcheckedagainsttheobservedfacts.5.Generallinguisticsisgenerallythestudyoflanguageasawhole.6.Generallinguistics,whichrelatesitselftotheresearchofotherareas,studiesthebasicconcepts,theories,descriptions,modelsandmethodsapplicabl

3、einanylinguisticstudy.7.7.Phoneticsisdifferentfromphonologyinthatthelatterstudiesthecombinationsofthesoundstoconveymeaningincommunication.8.Morphologystudieshowwordscanbeformedtoproducemeaningfulsentences.9.Thestudyofthewaysinwhichmorphemescanbecombinedtoformwordsiscalledmorphology.10.Synt

4、axisdifferentfrommorphologyinthattheformernotonlystudiesthemorphemes,butalsothecombinationofmorphemesintowordsandwordsintosentences.11.Thestudyofmeaninginlanguageisknownassemantics.12.Bothsemanticsandpragmaticsstudymeanings.13.Pragmaticsisdifferentfromsemanticsinthatpragmaticsstudiesmeanin

5、gnotinisolation,butincontext.14.Socialchangescanoftenbringaboutlanguagechanges.15.Sociolinguisticsisthestudyoflanguageinrelationtosociety.16.Modernlinguisticsismostlyprescriptive,butsometimesdescriptive.17.Modernlinguisticsisdifferentfromtraditionalgrammar.18.Adiachronicstudyoflanguageisth

6、edescriptionoflanguageatsomepointintime.19.Modernlinguisticsregardsthewrittenlanguageasprimary,notthewrittenlanguage.20.ThedistinctionbetweencompetenceandperformancewasproposedbyF.deSaussure.II.Fillineachofthefollowingblankswithonewordwhichbeginswiththelettergiven:21. Chomskydefines“compet

7、ence”astheidealuser’sk__________oftherulesofhislanguage.22.Languereferstothea__________linguisticsystemsharedbyallthemembersofaspeechcommunitywhiletheparoleistheconcreteuseoftheconventionsandapplicationoftherules.23.D_________isoneofthedesignfeaturesofhumanlan