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《广东省2016中考英语语法考点复习动词语态课件.ppt》由会员上传分享,免费在线阅读,更多相关内容在教育资源-天天文库。
1、动词的语态中考语法语态概述英语动词有两种语态,即主动语态(theActiveVoice)和被动语态(thePassiveVoice)。主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者,被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。如:Englishisspokenbymanypeople.当我们不知道或没必要提到动作的执行者是谁或者强调突出动作的承受者时,常用被动语态。考点分布(1)一般现在时的被动语态(2)一般过去时的被动语态(3)一般将来时的被动语态(4)一般现在时带情态动词的被动语态考点梳理考点一被动语态的构成被动语态由“助动词be+及物动词的过去分词”构成。助动词be有人称、
2、数和时态的变化,其变化规则与be作为连系动词时完全一样。被动语态的肯定式、否定式及疑问式列表如下:句式句型结构例句肯定句主语+be+过去分词+(by…)Heisoftenaskedtodothiswork(byhisboss).否定句主语+benot+过去分词+(by…)Iamnotinvitedtotheparty(byhim).一般疑问句Be+主语+过去分词+(by…)?Areyourclotheswashedbyyourself?特殊疑问句疑问词+be+主语+过去分词+(by…)?Whatisthissweatermadeof?考点梳理考点二被动
3、语态的用法:(1)不知道或没有必要说明动作的执行者是谁,不用by+动作执行者短语。如: Such books are written for children.这些书是为儿童写的。(2)强调动作的承受者,这时应用by短语。 The cup was broken by David.这个杯子被大卫打碎了。(3)做客观说明时,常采用一种被动语态句型:It’s / was said / believed / reported / + that …据说/据报道……如:It’s reported that about three hundred
4、people were killed in this earthquake.考点梳理考点四使用中应注意的几个问题(1)有两个宾语的句子的被动语态(直接宾语,间接宾语) 常见的接双宾语的动词有:give,teach,pay,tell,buy,show,lend,write,pass等。通常这种句子可以改为以“人”当主语和以“物”当作主语的两种被动语态。如:He gave me a book. -I was given a book by him.(以I做主语)-A book was given to me by him. (以物book作主语
5、)【考点精练】5.He teaches us English. ________________________________(以人当主语)________________________________(以物作主语)WearetaughtEnglish(byhim).Englishistaughttous(byhim).考点梳理(2)英语中有“十大动词”的说法,即feel,hear,listen to,have,make,let(让、使) , lookat, watch,see,notice,这些词在主动语态中,其后的动词不定式不加to,但在变被
6、动语态时必须加to。如:I saw him go into the office building. —Hewasseentogointotheofficebuilding.【考点精练】6.IheardJohnleavetheroom.—____________________________________.Johnwasheardtoleavetheroom.考点梳理(3)动词短语变被动语态时,不能去掉构成短语动词的介词或副词。这类动词短语有:lookafter,lookat,takecareof,putup,takeaway,goover
7、,payattentionto,cutdown,laughat等。如:They take good care of my child. =Mychildwastakengoodcareof(bythem).I turned off the radio. =Theradiowasturnedoff.【考点精练】7.Sallyworkedoutalltheproblems.________________________________________.8.Youcan’ttakethemagazinesoutofthereadingroo
8、m._________________________________________.The