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1、土木工程概论IntroductiontoCivilEngineering第一章 绪论Chapter1IntroductionIntroductiontoCivilEngineeringWhatisCivilEngineering?JohnSmeaton(1724-1792)wasthefirstmaninBritaintocallhimselfacivilengineer.Today,theworkofaprofessionalcivilengineermaybebroadlydefinedastheplanning,design,construction,andmain-ten
2、anceofthemanyandvariedphysicalstructuresnecessaryfortheeconomicwell-beingofsociety.Selectedfrom:CSE,UKWhatisCivilEngineering?Thewholeofnon-militaryengineeringatthetimeofthefoundingoftheICEin1818,butnowexcludingchemical,electrical,electronic,marine,mechanicalengineering,etc.Itincludesairfields
3、,bridges,canals,docks,foundation,harbor,offshoreconstruction,railways,riverbasinmanagement,roads,sewagetreatment,sewerage,soilmechanics,structuraldesign,trafficengineering,tunnels,watersupply,etc.SelectedfromDictionaryofCivilEngineeringIntroductiontoCivilEngineeringWhatisCivilEngineering?Thes
4、cienceofcivilengineeringcanbedividedintomanymajorbranchesaccordingtofunctionsperformed:Designingstructures(Structuralengineering);Constructingstructures(Constructionengineering);Hydraulicengineering;Irrigationengineering;Geo-technicalengineering(Foundationengineering);Surveying;Highwayenginee
5、ring;Railwayengineering;Environmentengineering;SelectedfromBasicCivilEngineeringIntroductiontoCivilEngineeringAsaCivilEngineer,youcouldfindyourselfworkinginanyoneofthefollowingareas:Transportsystems:roads,railways,canals,docks,harbors,airports,bridges,tunnelsandtrafficmanagementsystems.Waters
6、upply:Dams,reservoirs,hydrometricsystem,treatmentsystems,pollutioncontrolanddistributionnetworks.Energy:thermal,nuclearandhydro-electricpowerstation,coalminesandoilrigs.Wastedisposal:seweragesystems,landfillsites.Protectionworks:floodcontrol,urbandrainageandcoastaldefence.Industrialandcommerc
7、ialdevelopment:shoppingcentersandcarparks,factories,officeblocks.Communications:telecommunicationmastsandtowers.Environment:environmentalimpactassessment.Recreation:sportsstadiaandcenters,swimmingpools,theatersandoperahouses,waterwaysandmarin
