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小学英语语法复习要点一、名词可数名词：表示可以具体个别存在的人或物。可数名词有单复数形式，其单数形式与不定冠词a(n)连用。可数名词复数规则：1．一般情况下，直接加-s，如：book-books,bag-bags,cat-cats,bed-beds2．以s.x.sh.ch结尾，加-es，如：bus-buses,box-boxes,brush-brushes,watch-watches3．以“辅音字母+y”结尾，变y为i,再加-es，如：family-families,strawberry-strawberries4．以“f或fe”结尾，变f或fe为v,再加-es，如：knife-knives5．不规则名词复数：man-men,woman-women,policeman-policemen,policewoman-policewomen,mouse-micechild-childrenfoot-feet, tooth-teethfish-fish,people-people,sheep-sheep,Chinese-Chinese,Japanese-Japanese不可数名词：表示不能个别存在的事物，如液体类，气体类的物质；少数固体类的物质（grass草，ice冰），抽象的名词（help帮助，music音乐）。不可数名词没有复数（如somewater）,不能与不定冠词连用。写出下列各词的复数photo____________ diary____________ day_____________ dress_______________thief___________ yo-yo ___________ peach___________ juice________________water____________ rice______________ tea______________ man____________ woman____________ banana___________ bus___________ child____________foot_____________ sheep____________ leaf(树叶)________ dish____________ knife_____________ pen____________ boy__________ baby___________map_____________ city____________ box__________ book___________class____________ eye____________ office________ car____________ fox(狐狸)___________watch____________ library________ pear___________skirt____________ shelf_____________ cinema__________ tomato_________tooth____________ wife____________ Englishman________ paper__________milk___________ Frenchman___________postman__________ family__________mouse__________ people(人们)__________fish_________ brush________ mango__________ Japanese____________ sandwich__________policeman____________ watermelon______________ Chinese_____________ strawberry___________ match_________________ glass__________ 二、一般现在时一般现在时基本用法介绍一般现在时的功能：1.表示事物或人物的特征、状态。如：Theskyisblue.天空是蓝色的。 2.表示经常性或习惯性的动作。如：Igetupatsixeveryday.我每天六点起床。 3.表示客观现实。如：Theearthgoesaroundthesun.地球绕着太阳转。一般现在时的构成：1.be动词：主语+be(am,is,are)+其它。如：Iama boy.我是一个男孩。注意：（我用am，你用are，三单is，复数are。） 2.行为动词：主语+行为动词(+其它)。如：WestudyEnglish.我们学习英语。注意：（当主语为第三人称单数(he,she,it)时，要在动词后加"-s"或"-es"。如：MarylikesChinese.玛丽喜欢汉语。）一般现在时的变化：1.be动词的变化。 肯定句：主语+be+其它。 如：Heisaworker.他是工人。 否定句：主语+be+not+其它。 Heisnotaworker.他不是工人。 一般疑问句：Be+主语+其它。(be动词移到句首)如：Iamastudent.-Areyouastudent? -Yes.Iam./No,I'mnot.特殊疑问句：疑问词+一般疑问句。如：Mybikeisunderthetree. Isyourbikeunderthetree?Whereisyourbike?2.行为动词的变化。肯定句：主语+动词原形(+其它)。否定句：主语+don't(doesn't)+动词原形(+其它)。如：Ilikebread. Idon'tlike bread.当主语为第三人称单数时，要用doesn't构成否定句。如：Heofterplaysfootball. Hedoesn'toftenplayfootball.一般疑问句：Do(Does)+主语+动词原形+其它。（句首加助动词do,does）如：Ioftenplayfootball. -Doyouoftenplayfootball? -Yes,Ido./No,Idon't. 当主语为第三人称单数时，要用does构成一般疑问句。如：Shegoestoschoolbybike. -Doesshegotoschoolbybike? -Yes,shedoes./No,shedoesn't. 特殊疑问句：疑问词+一般疑问句。如：Shegoestoschoolbybike. Doesshegotoschoolbybike?Howdoesshegotoschool?动词+s的变化规则1．一般情况下，直接加-s，如：cook-cooks,milk-milks2．以s.x.sh.ch.o结尾，加-es，如：guess-guesses,wash-washes,watch-watches,go-goes3．以“辅音字母+y”结尾，变y为i,再加-es，如：study-studies一般现在时用法专练:一、写出下列动词的第三人称单数drink________go_______ stay________make ________look_________have_______pass_______ carry____come________watch______plant_______ fly________study_______brush________do_________ teach_______二、用am,is,are填空1.I______aboy. ______youaboy? No,I_____not.2.Thegirl______Jack'ssister.3.Thedog_______tallandfat.4.Themanwithbigeyes_______ateacher.5.______yourbrotherintheclassroom?6.Where_____yourmother? She______athome.7.How _______yourfather?8.MikeandLiuTao______atschool.9.Whosedress______this?10.Whosesocks______ they?11.That______myredskirt.12.Who______I?13.Thejeans______onthedesk.14.Here______ascarfforyou.15.Here______somesweatersforyou.16.Theblackgloves______ forSuYang.17.Thispairofgloves______forYangLing.18.Thetwocupsofmilk_____forme. 19.Sometea______intheglass.20.GaoShan'sshirt_______overthere.21.Mysister'sname______Nancy.22.This______notWangFang'spencil.23. ______ DavidandHelenfromEngland?24.There______agirlintheroom.25.There______someapplesonthetree.26._______thereanykitesintheclassroom?27._______thereanyapplejuiceinthebottle?28.There_______somebreadontheplate.29.There_______aboy,twogirls,threemenandtenwomeninthepark.30.You,heandI______fromChina.三、用括号内动词的适当形式填空。1.Heoften________(have)dinnerathome.2.DavidandTom_______(be)inClassOne.3.We_______(notwatch)TVonMonday.4.Mike_______(notgo)tothezooonSunday.5.______they________(like)theWorldCup?6.What_______theyoften_______(do)onSaturdays?7._______yourparents_______(read)newspaperseveryday?8.Thegirl_______(teach)usEnglishonSundays.9.SheandI________(take)awalktogethereveryevening.10.There________(be)somewaterinthe bottle.11.Mike_______(like)cooking.12.They_______(have)thesamehobby.13.Myaunt_______(look)afterherbabycarefully.14.Youalways_______(do)yourhomeworkwell.15.I_______(be)ill.I'mstayinginbed.16.She_______(go)toschoolfromMondaytoFriday.17.LiuTao_______(do)notlikePE.18.Thechildoften_______(watch)TVintheevening.19.SuHaiandSuYang_______(have)eightlessonsthisterm.20. －Whatday_______(be)ittoday?－It’sSaturday.四、按照要求改写句子1.DavidwatchesTVeveryevening.(改为否定句)___________________________________________________2.Idomyhomeworkeveryday.(改为一般疑问句，作否定回答)____________________________________________________________________________________3.Shelikesmilk.(改为一般疑问句，作肯定回答)___________________________________________________________________________________4.Helenlikesplayingcomputer games.(改为一般疑问句，作否定回答)____________________________________________________________________________________________5.Wegotoschooleverymorning.(改为否定句)_______________________________________________________6.HespeaksEnglishverywell.(改为否定句)___________________________________________________7.Iliketakingphotosinthepark.(对划线部分提问)________________________________________________________8.JimcomesfromCanada.(对划线部分提问)___________________________________________________9.Sheisalwaysagoodstudent.(改为一般疑问句，作否定回答)________________________________________________________________________________________10.TomandDavidlikegoingskating.(改为否定句)___________________________________________________五、改错(划出错误的地方，将正确的写在横线上)1.IsyourbrotherspeakEnglish? __________________2.Doeshelikesgoingfishing? __________________3.Helikesplaygamesafterclass. __________________4.Mr.WuteachsusEnglish. __________________5.Shedon'tdoherhomeworkonSundays._________________三、现在进行时1．现在进行时表示现在正在进行或发生的动作，也可表示当前一段时间内的活动或现阶段正在进行的动作。（句中一般含有now,look, listen.）2．现在进行时的肯定句基本结构为be+动词ing.如：Tomisreadingbooksinhisstudy.3．现在进行时的否定句在be后加not。如：Tomisreadingbooksinhisstudy.Tomisnotreadingbooksinhisstudy.4．现在进行时的一般疑问句把be动词调到句首。 如：Tomisreadingbooksinhisstudy.IsTomreadingbooksinhisstudy？5．现在进行时的特殊疑问的基本结构为：疑问词+一般疑问句? （注意：当划线部分包含谓语动词时，用疑问词代替划线部分放到句首，原划线处应加上doing） 如：Tomisreadingbooksinhisstudy. Tomisreadingbooksinhisstudy.IsTomreadingbooksinhisstudy? IsTomreadingbooksinhisstudy?WhatisTomdoinginhisstudy? WhereisTomreadingbooks?动词加ing的变化规则1．一般情况下，直接加ing，如：cook-cooking2．以不发音的e结尾，去e加ing，如：make-making,taste-tasting3．如果末尾是辅音字母加一个元音字母和一个辅音字母，双写末尾的辅音字母，再加ing，如：run-running,stop-stopping现在进行时专项练习：一、写出下列动词的现在分词：play_____________run______________swim_____________make______________go______________like____________ write______________ski_____________read_____________have____________sing _____________ dance___________put______________see____________ buy_____________ love____________live___________ take______________come_____________get_____________stop____________sit_____________ begin____________ shop___________二、用所给的动词的正确形式填空：1.Theboy__________________(draw)apicturenow.2.Listen.Somegirls_______________(sing)intheclassroom.3.Mymother_________________(cook)somenicefood now.4.What_____you______(do)now?5.Look.They_______________(have)anEnglishlesson.6.They____________(not,water)theflowersnow.7.Look!thegirls________________(dance)intheclassroom. 8.Whatisourgranddaughterdoing?She_________(listen)tomusic. 9.It's 5 o'clocknow.We_____________(have)suppernow10.______Helen____________(wash)clothes?Yes,sheis.三、句型转换：1.Theyaredoinghousework.(分别改成一般疑问句和否定句)__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________2.Thestudentsarecleaningtheclassroom.(改一般疑问句并作肯定和否定回答)________________________________________________________________________________________________________3.I’mplayingthefootballintheplayground .(对划线部分进行提问)_________________________________________________________________4．Tomisreadingbooksinhisstudy.(对划线部分进行提问)_________________________________________________________________四、将来时理论及练习一、概念：表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态及打算、计划或准备做某事。句中一般有以下时间状语：tomorrow,nextday(week,month,year…),soon,thedayaftertomorrow（后天）等。二、基本结构：①begoingto+do；如：Iamgoingtogoswimmingtomorrow.②will+do. 如：Iwillgoswimmingtomorrow.三、否定句：在be动词（am,is,are）后加not或情态动词will后加not成won’t。如：Iamgoingtogoswimmingtomorrow.→Iamnotgoingtogoswimmingtomorrow. Iwillgoswimmingtomorrow.→Iwillnotgoswimmingtomorrow.四、一般疑问句：be动词或will提到句首，some改为any,and改为or，第一二人称互换。如：Iamgoingtogoswimmingtomorrow.→Areyougoingtogoswimmingtomorrow? Iwillgoswimmingtomorrow.→Willyougoswimmingtomorrow?五、对划线部分提问。(疑问词+一般疑问句?)一般情况，一般将来时的对划线部分有三种情况。1、问人。Who例如：Iamgoingtoschool. Tomwillgotoschool. Areyougoingtoschool? WillTomgotoschool?Who’sgoingtoschool? Whowillgotoschool?2、问干什么。What…do.例如：Myfatherisgoingtowatcharacewithmethis afternoon. Isyourfathergoingtowatcharacewithyouthisafternoon.？Whatisyourfathergoingtodowithyouthisafternoon？Myfatherwillwatcharacewithmethisafternoon. Willyourfatherwatcharacewithyouthisafternoon.？Whatwillyourfatherdowithyouthisafternoon？3、问什么时候。When.例如：Sheisgoingtoswimatnine. Shewillswimatnine. Isshegoingtoswimatnine？ Willsheswimatnine？Whenisshegoingtoswim？ Whenwillsheswim?六、同义句：begoingto=will(begoingto常指客观情况，will常指主观情况)Iamgoingtogoswimmingtomorrow（明天）.=Iwillgoswimmingtomorrow.一、改句子。1.Nancyisgoingtogocamping.（改否定）Nancy________goingtogocamping.2.I’llgoandjointhem.（改否定）I_______go______jointhem.3.I'mgoingtogetupat6:30tomorrow.（改一般疑问句）_______________________togetupat6:30tomorrow?4.Wewillmeetatthebusstopat10:30.（改一般疑问句）_______________meetatthebusstopat10:30.5.Sheisgoingtolistentomusicafterschool.（对划线部分提问）_______________she_________________________afterschool?6.Myfatherandmotheraregoingtoseeaplaythedayafter tomorrow.(同上)__________________goingtoseeaplaythedayaftertomorrow.二、用所给词的适当形式填空。1.Todayisasunnyday.We_________________________(have)apicnicthisafternoon.2.Mybrother______________________(go)toShanghainextweek.3.Tomoften____________(go)toschoolonfoot.Buttodayisrain.He_________________(go)toschoolbybike.4.Whatdoyouusuallydoatweekends?Iusually__________(watch)TVand____________(catch)insects?5.It'sFridaytoday.What_____she____________________(do)thisweekend?She__________________(watch)TVand(catch)insects.6.What___________(do)youdolastSunday?I____________(pick)applesonafarm.What____________________________(do)nextSunday?I____________________(milk)cows.7.Mary__________________________(visit)hergrandparentstomorrow.8.LiuTao_______________________(fly)kitesintheplaygroundyesterday.9.David__________________________(give)apuppetshownextMonday.10.I____________________________(plan)formystudynow.五、一般过去时1．一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态，常和表示过去的时间状语连用。一般过去时也表示过去经常或反复发生的动作。2．Be动词在一般过去时中的变化：⑴am和is在一般过去时中变为was。（wasnot=wasn't） ⑵are在一般过去时中变为were。（werenot=weren't）⑶带有was或were的句子，其否定、疑问的变化和is,am,are一样，即否定句在was或were后加not，一般疑问句把was或were调到句首。3．句中没有be动词的一般过去时的句子 否定句：didn't+动词原形，如：Jimwenthomeyesterday.Jimdidn'tgohomeyesterday. 一般疑问句：在句首加did，句子中的动词过去式变回原形。如：Jimwenthomeyesterday.DidJimgohomeyesterday? 特殊疑问句：⑴疑问词+一般疑问句？如：Jimwenthomeyesterday. DidJimgohomeyesterday?WhatdidJimdoyesterday?动词过去式变化规则：1．一般在动词末尾加-ed，如：pull-pulled,cook-cooked2．结尾是e加d，如：taste-tasted3．末尾是辅音字母加一个元音字母和一个辅音字母的重读闭音节，应双写末尾的辅音字母，再加-ed，如：stop-stopped4．以“辅音字母+y”结尾的，变y为i，再加-ed，如：study-studied5．不规则动词过去式： 词义 现在（原形） 过去是 am,is(be) was是 are (be) were成为 become became开始 begin began弯曲 bend bent吹 blow blew买 buy bought能 can could捕捉 catch caught选择 choose chose来 come came切 cut cut做 do, does did画 draw drew饮 drink drank吃 eat ate感觉 feel felt发现 find found飞 fly flew忘记 forget forgot得到 get got给 give gave走 go went成长 grow grew有 have,has had听 hear heard受伤 hurt hurt保持 keep kept知道 know knew学习 learn learned, learnt允许，让 let let躺 lie lay制造 make made可以 may might意味 mean meant会见 meet met必须 must must放置 put put读 read read骑、乘 ride rode响、鸣 ring rang跑 run ran说 say said看见 see saw将 shall should唱歌 sing sang坐下 sit sat睡觉 sleep slept说 speak spoke度过 spend spent扫 sweep swept 过去时练习写出下列动词的过去式isam_____________fly____________plant____________are____________drink_____________play___________go______________make________does_____________dance__________worry___________ask___________taste_____________eat____________draw____________put____________throw____________kick___________pass____________do __________Be动词的过去时练习（1）一、用be动词的适当形式填空1．I_______atschooljustnow.2．He________atthecamplastweek.3．We________studentstwoyearsago.4．They________onthefarmamomentago.5．YangLing________elevenyearsoldlastyear.6．There________anappleontheplateyesterday.7．There________somemilkinthefridgeonSunday.8．Themobilephone_______onthesofayesterday evening.二、句型转换1.Itwasexciting. 否定句：________________________________________________一般疑问句：____________________________________________肯、否定回答：__________________________________________2.Allthestudentswereveryexcited. 否定句：________________________________________________一般疑问句：____________________________________________肯、否定回答：__________________________________________3.Theywereinhispocket. 否定句：________________________________________________一般疑问句：____________________________________________肯、否定回答：__________________________________________Be动词的过去时练习（2）一、用be动词的适当形式填空1．I______anEnglishteachernow.2．She_______happyyesterday.3．They_______gladtoseeeachotherlastmonth.4．HelenandNancy________goodfriends.5．Thelittledog_______twoyearsoldthisyear.6．Look,there________lotsofgrapeshere.7．There________asignonthechaironMonday..8．Today_______thesecondofJune.Yesterday______thefirstofJune.It_____ Children'sDay.Allthestudents______veryexcited.二、句型转换1.Therewasacarinfrontofthehousejustnow. 否定句：________________________________________________一般疑问句：____________________________________________肯、否定回答：__________________________________________肯、否定回答：__________________________________________行为动词的过去时练习（1）一、用行为动词的适当形式填空1.He_________(live)inWuxitwoyearsago.2.Thecat________(eat)abirdlastnight.3.We_______(have)apartylastHalloween.4.Nancy________(pick)uporangesonthefarmlastweek.5.I________(make)amodelshipwithMikeyesterday.6.They________(play)chessintheclassroomlastPElesson.7.Mymother_______(cook)anicefoodlastSpringFestival.8.Thegirls________(sing)and_______(dance)attheparty.二、句型转换1.SuHaitooksomephotosattheSportsday. 否定句：________________________________________________一般疑问句：____________________________________________肯、否定回答：__________________________________________2.Nancywenttoschool early. 否定句：________________________________________________一般疑问句：____________________________________________肯、否定回答：__________________________________________3.WesangsomeEnglishsongs. 否定句：________________________________________________一般疑问句：____________________________________________肯、否定回答：__________________________________________行为动词的过去时练习（2）Name____________ No.______Date__________一、用be动词的适当形式填空1.I______(watch)acartoononSaturday.2.Herfather_______(read)anewspaperlastnight.3.We_________tozooyesterday,we_____tothepark.(go)4.______you_______(visit)yourrelativeslastSpringFestival?5.______he_______(fly)akiteonSunday?Yes,he______.6.GaoShan_______(pull)upcarrotslastNationalDayholiday.7.I____________(sweep)theflooryesterday,butmymother______.8.What______she_______(find)inthegardenlastmorning?She__________(find)abeautifulbutterfly.二、句型转换1.Theyplayedfootballintheplayground. 否定句：________________________________________________一般疑问句：____________________________________________肯、否定回答：__________________________________________过去时综合练习（1）用动词的适当形式填空1.It______(be)Ben'sbirthdaylastFriday.2.Weall______(have)agoodtimelastnight.3.He________(jump)highonlastSportsDay.4.Helen________(milk)acowonFriday.5.Shelikes______newspapers,butshe______abookyesterday.(read)6.He_______footballnow,butthey_______basketballjustnow.(play)7.Jim'smother_________(plant)treesjustnow.8._______they________(sweep)theflooronSunday?No,they_____.9.I_______(watch)acartoononMonday.10.We___________(go)toschoolonSunday.过去时综合练习（2）用动词的适当形式填空1.It_____(be)the2ndofNovemberyesterday.MrWhite________(go)tohisofficebycar.2.GaoShan________(put)thebookonhisheadamomentago.3.Don't______thehouse.Mum_______ityesterday.(clean)4.What____you______justnow?I_______somehousework.(do)5.They_________(make)akiteaweek ago.6.Iwantto______apples.Butmydad_______allofthemlastmonth.(pick)7._______he______theflowersthismorning?Yes,he_____.(water)8.She____(be)aprettygirl.Look,she_____(do)Chinesedances.9.Thestudentsoften_________(draw)somepicturesintheartroom.10.What______Mikedoonthefarm?He________cows.(milk)六、形容词和副词的比较级复习及练习A、形容词的比较级1、形容词比较级在句子中的运用：两个事物或人的比较用比较级，比较级后面一般带有单词than。比较级前面可以用more,alittle来修饰表示程度。than后的人称代词用主格（口语中可用宾格）。2．形容词加er的规则：⑴一般在词尾加er；⑵以字母e结尾，加r；⑶以辅音字母加一个元音字母和一个辅音字母结尾(除ow结尾)，应双写末尾的辅音字母，再加er；⑷以“辅音字母+y”结尾，先把y变i，再加er。(5)两个音节或两个以上的音节的,在原级前加more如：beautiful-morebeautiful3．不规则形容词比较级： good-betterB、副词的比较级1．形容词与副词的区别(有be用形，有形用be；有动用副，有副用动) ⑴在句子中形容词一般处于名词之前或be动词之后⑵ 副词在句子中最常见的是处于实义动词之后2．副词比较级的变化规则基本与形容词比较级相同(不规则变化：well-better,far-farther)☆表示两者之间没有差别时,使用句型：主语(第一个人物)+谓语动词+as+形容词/副词原级+as+第二个人物+….如：Lilyranasslowasanoldwoman.(莉莉跑得像老太太一样慢)Theypickedasmanyapplesasthefarmers.(他们摘的苹果和农民一样多)☆表示第一个人比不上第二个人时,使用句型：主语(第一个人物)+谓语动词(否定式)+ as+形容词/副词原级+as+第二个人物+….如：Lilydidnotrunasslowasanoldwoman.(莉莉跑得不像老太太那样慢)Theydidn’tpickasmanyapplesasthefarmers.(他们摘的苹果不如农民多)一、写出下列形容词或副词的比较级 old______________ young____________ tall___________ long____________ short____________ strong____________ big____________ small___________ fat_____________ thin______________ heavy__________ light___________ nice_____________ good_____________ beautiful______________________ low______________ high_____________ slow___________ fast_____________ late______________ early_____________ far_____________ well_________二、根据句意填入单词的正确形式：1.Mybrotheristwoyears__________(old)thanme.2.Tomisas________(fat)asJim.3.Isyoursister__________(young)thanyou?Yes,sheis.4.Whois___________(thin),youorHelen?Helen is.5.Whosepencil-boxis__________(big),yoursorhers?Hersis.6.Mary'shairisas__________(long)asLucy's.7.Ben______(jump)________(high)thansomeoftheboysinhisclass.8.________Nancysing__________(well)thanHelen?Yes,she_____.9.Fangfangisnotas_________(tall)astheothergirls.10.Myeyesare__________(big)than________(she)..11.Whichis___________(heavy),theelephantorthepig?12.Whogetsup_________(early),TimorTom?13._____thegirlsgetup_______(early)thantheboys?No,they______.14.Jimruns_____(slow).ButBenruns_____(slow).15.Thechilddoesn't______(write)as____(fast)asthestudents.七、Therebe句型与have,has的区别1、Therebe句型表示：在某地有某物（或人）2、在therebe句型中，主语是单数，be动词用is;主语是复数，be动词用are;如有几件物品，be动词根据最靠近be动词的那个名词决定。3、therebe句型的否定句在be动词后加not,一般疑问句把be动词调到句首。4、therebe句型与have(has)的区别：therebe表示在某地有某物（或人）；have(has)表示某人拥有某物。5、some和any在therebe句型中的运用：some用于肯定句，any用于否定句或疑问句。6、and和or在therebe句型中的运用：and用于肯定句，or用于否定句或疑问句。7、针对数量提问的特殊疑问句的基本结构是： Howmany+ 名词复数+arethere+ 介词短语？ Howmuch+不可数名词+isthere+介词短语？8、针对主语提问的特殊疑问句的基本结构是： What's+介词短语？Fillintheblankwith"have,has"or"thereis,thereare"1.I________agoodfatherandagoodmother.2.____________atelescopeonthedesk.3.He_________atape-recorder.4._____________abasketballintheplayground.5.She__________somedresses.6.They___________anicegarden.7.Whatdoyou___________?8.______________areading-roominthebuilding?9.WhatdoesMike___________?10.______________anybooksinthebookcase?11.Myfather_________astory-book.12._______________astory-bookonthetable.13._______________anyflowersinthevase?14.Howmanystudents____________intheclassroom?15.Myparents___________somenicepictures.16._____________somemapsonthewall.17.______________amapoftheworldonthewall.18.David__________a telescope.19.David'sfriends___________sometents.20.______________manychildrenonthehill.用恰当的be动词填空。1、There_______alotofsweetsinthebox.2、There_______somemilkintheglass.3、There_______somepeopleunderthethebigtree.4、There_______apictureandamaponthewall.5、There_______aboxofrubbersnearthebooks.6、There_______lotsofflowersinourgardenlastyear.7、There_______atinofchickenbehindthefridgeyesterday.8、There_______fourcupsofcoffeeonthetable.Fillintheblankwith“have,has”1. I_________anicepuppet.2. He_________agoodfriend.3. They__________somemasks.4. We___________someflowers.5. She___________aduck.6. Myfather____________anewbike.7. Hermother___________avase.8. Ourteacher_________anEnglishbook.9. Ourteachers___________abasketball.10. Theirparents___________some blankets11. Nancy_________manyskirts.12. David__________somejackets.13. Myfriends__________afootball.14. Whatdoyou__________?15. WhatdoesMike__________?16. Whatdoyourfriends___________?17. WhatdoesHelen___________?18. Hisbrother________abasketball.19. Hersister_________anicedoll.20. MissLi__________anEnglishbook.八、人称代词和物主代词1、人称代词主格和宾格的区别：主格通常位于句中第一个动词之前（有时候位于than 之后），宾格一般位于动词或介词之后。2、物主代词形容词性与名词性的区别：形容词性用时后面一般要带上名词，名词性则单独使用，后面不带名词。人称代词 物主代词 主格 宾格 形容词性 名词性我 I me 我的 my mine你，你们 you you 你的，你们的 your yours他 he him 他的 his his她 she her 她的 her hers它 it it 它的 its its我们 we us 我们的 our ours他（她，它）们 they them 他（她，它）们的 their theirs一.填写代词表I it we you them his your hers 二.用所给词的适当形式填空 1. Thatisnot_________kite.Thatkiteisverysmall,but_________isverybig. (I)2. Thedressis_________.Giveitto_________.(she) 3. Isthis_________watch?(you)No,it'snot_________.(I)4. _________ismybrother._________nameisJack.Look!Thosestampsare_________.(he)5. _________dressesarered.(we)Whatcolourare_________?(you)6. Herearemanydolls,whichoneis_________? (she)7. Icanfindmytoy,butwhere's_________?(you)8. Show_________yourkite,OK?(they)9. Ihaveabeautifulcat._________nameisMimi.Thesecakesare_________.(it)10.Arethese_________tickets?No,_________arenot_________._________aren'there.(they )11.Shall_________havealookatthatclassroom?Thatis_________classroom.(we)12._________ismyaunt.Doyouknow_________job?_________anurse.(she)13.Thatisnot_________camera._________isathome.(he)14.Whereare_________?Ican'tfind_________.Let'scall_________parents.(they)15.Don'ttouch_________._________notacat,_________atiger!16._________sisterisill.Pleasegoandget_________.(she)17._________don'tknowhername.Wouldyoupleasetell_________.(we)18.Somanydogs.Let'scount_________.(they)19.Ihavealovelybrother._________isonly3.Ilike_________verymuch.(he)20.MayIsitbeside_________?(you)21.Lookatthatdesk.Thosebookareon_________.(it） 22.Thegirlbehind_________isourfriend.(she)三、选出括号中正确的词，在正确的词上打勾。1.Thisis（my/I）mother. 2.Nicetomeet（your/you）.3.（He/His）nameisMark. 4.What’s（she/her）name?5.Excuse（me/my/I）. 6.Are（your/you）MissLi?7.（I/My）amBen. 8.（She/Her）ismysister.9.Fine,thank（your/you）. 10.Howoldis（he/his）四、单项选择。( ) 1.Myunclegaveanewbiketo________. A.theirs B.they C.me D.I( ) 2.Thisisaphotoof_____family.MayIhaveoneof ______?A.yours;my B.my;yours C.your;my D.yours;mine( ) 3.Here’sapostcardforyou,Jim! —Oh,___isfromMary. A.he B.it C.she D.it’s( ) 4.Theyasked_______somequestions________English.A.me;about B.I;about C.I;with D.me;with( ) 5.Help________answerthequestions.A.I B.my C.me D.mine( )6.Thesearemybooks.Whereare________?A.their B.theirs C.my D.your五、改错1. Minewalletisonthebed. 2. Thisisn’tMike’swatch,it’sher. 3. Isthisyourteapot?No,it’stheirsteapot. 4. Whosecombisit?It’sour. 六、用适当的物主代词填空1. Thisis____(my)book.____(your)isinthebag.2. Theclassroomis(our) .3. Arethesewatches____(her)?No.____(her)watchesareathome.4. Theyaren’t____(his)teapots.Theyare____(their).5. Thebigmirroris(his) .6. Thatisnot____(my)comb.It’s____(her).7. Isthiscalculator_____(your)?8. Thishairdryerisn’tmysister’s.It’s_____(my). 七、根据中文提示，用代词的适当形式填空。1、 Thereisanewdressfor________(他的)sister.2、 Thisis_____(我的)wallet._________(我的)isred.3、________(谁的)calculatorsarethese?_______(他们)are______(我们的).4、Give_______（她）atoy,please.5、________(你们的)eyesareblack._______（你们）comefromJapan.6、TimandBillaretwins._______（他们）arefromEngland.Show_____（他们）around______(我们的)school.7、Givethebookto__________(我).8、Thesebooksare__________(他的).__________(他的)booksarenew.补充：名词所有格：1、 名词所有格表示所属关系,相当于物主代词,在句中作定语、宾语或主语。其构成法如下：(1)表示人或其它有生命的东西的名词常在词尾加’s。如：Childern’sDay(儿童节),mysister’sbook(我姐姐的书)(2)以s或es结尾的复数名词。只在词尾加’。如：Teachers’Day(教师节)(3)有些表示时间、距离以及世界、国家、城镇等无生命的名词,也可在词尾加’s.如：today’snewspaper(今天的报纸),tenminutes’ break(十分钟的课间休息),China’spopulation(中国的人口).(4)无论表示有生命还是无生命的东西的名词,一般均可用介词of短语来表示所有关系。如：afinedaughteroftheParty(党的好女儿).2、[注解]：①‘s还可以表示某人的家或者某个店铺,如：myaunt’s(我阿姨家),thedoctor’s(诊所)②两人共有某物时,可以采用AandB’s的形式,如：LucyandLily’sbedroom(露西和丽丽合住的卧室)③“of+名词所有格/名词性物主代词”,称为双重所有格,如：afriendofmyfather’s(我父亲的一位朋友),afriendofmine(我的一位朋友)短语翻译：1. 我的的爷爷________________________ 2.杰姆的房间__________________________2. 我奶奶的钱包_______________________ 4.那些学生的书_______________________5.这些工人的外套______________________ 6.那些小孩的父母_____________________7.那些男人的帽子____________________ 8.那间教室的窗户_____________________9.海伦的同学________________________ 10.这些男孩的床________________________11.汤姆的姑父_________________________ 12.我兄弟的钢笔_________________________13.那些老师的书桌_____________________ 14.这些医生的杯子________________________15.那些女孩的座位____________________ 16.那些女人的自行车_____________________17.那些警察的裤子____________________ 18.那个书包的颜色___________________________缩略形式写出下列词的完全形式can't_________ I'd_________ aren't________ they're____let's_________ wasn't_______ that's________ don't _____when's_______ didn't________ you're_______ doesn't___he's________ she's________ I'm_______ isn't_________I've________ shouldn't_______ I'll_________ who's______ 冠词1、冠词分类及读法：英语中冠词有不定冠词和定冠词两种,常放在名词的前面,用来限定名词的意义,起泛指或特指的作用。定冠词the读法：单独念时读[Ti:],在句子中常发[Ti](元音之前)或者[T[](辅音之前)； 不定冠词a/an的读法：单独念时读[ei]/[An]；在句子中常发[[]/[[n]。 2、不定冠词a/an的用法：不定冠词a/an用在单数名词的前面,a用在辅音开头的词前面;an用在元音开头的词的前面。不定冠词的基本用法：(1) 表示某一个人或东西,但不具体说明何人或何物。如：Thereisadoglyingontheground.(有一只狗躺在地上。)(2)表示某类人或事物,以区别于其他种类。如：Aelephantismuchstrongerthanaman.(大象比人强壮多了。)(不能译为：一头大象比一个人强壮。)(2) 表示某类人或事物中的任何一个。如：HeisateacherofEnglish.(他是英语教师。)(4)表示“一”这个数量。如：Thereisatableandfourchairsinthatdining-room.(在那个餐厅里有一张桌子和四把椅子。)(5) 几个用不定冠词的习语：abit(一点),alittle(一点),afew(几个),alot(许多),akindof(一种),apairof(一副、一双),anumber of(大量的),apieceof(一张、一片),halfanhour(半小时),haveagoodtime(玩得开心),haveacold(感冒),makeanoise(发出嘈杂声),have/takea(rest等)(休息)一会儿,等等。3、定冠词the的用法：定冠词the用在可数名词的单数或复数或不可数的名词前面。定冠词的基本用法：(1) 表示特指的人或事物。如：ThemanwithaflowerinhishandisJack..(手上拿着一朵花的男人是杰克)(2) 指谈话双方都熟悉的人或事物。如：Lookattheblackboard,Lily.(莉莉,请看黑板。)(3) 复述前面提到过的人或事物。如：Thereisamanunderthetree.ThemaniscalledRobert.(树下有个人, 那个人叫罗伯特。)(4) 表示世界上独一无二的事物。如：Theearthturnsaroundthesun.(地球绕太阳旋转。)(5) 用在表示方位的名词前面。如：TherewillbestrongwindtothesouthoftheYangtzeRiver.(长江以南地 区将会刮大风。)(6) 在序数词和形容词最高级的前面。如：Whoisthefirstonetogo?(谁第一个去？)/Ofallthestars,thesunisthenearesttotheearth.(在所有的恒星之中太阳离地球最近)(7) 常用在乐器名称的前面。如：Hebegantoplaytheviolinattheageof5.(五岁时他开始拉小提琴)(8) 用在江河、海洋、山脉等名称的前面。如：Ihaveneverbeento theHimalayaMountains.(我从来没有去过喜马拉雅山)(9) 用在含有普通名词的专有名词的前面。如：HeisfromtheUnitedStatesofAmerica.(他来自美利坚合众国)(10)用在姓氏之前表示一家人。如：TheGreensaregoingtoMountEmeinextmonth.(下个月格林一家要去峨眉山)(11)same之前一般用the。如：LucyandLilylookthesame.(露西和莉莉看上去长得一样)(12)几个用定冠词的习语：atthesametime(与此同时),makethebed(铺床),intheend(最后),allthetime(一直),bytheway(顺便说一下),ontheway(在路上)等等。4、一些不用冠词的情况：(1)专有名词和(第一次使用)一些不可数名词时前面通常不用。如：Chinaisaverylargecountry.(中国是个大国)/Manneedsairandwater.(人类需要空气和水)(2)名词前已有指示、物主或不定代词作定语时不用。如：Mypenismuchmoreexpensivethanyours.(我的钢笔比你的昂贵多了)(3) 周名,月名或季节名前一般不用。如：HewasbornonMonday,February18,1995.(他出生在1995年二月十八日,星期一)/Theyusuallyplanttreesonthehillsinspring.(春天他们通常在山上植树)(4)(第一次使用)复数名词表示人或事物的类别时不用。如：Menareclevererthan monkeys.(人比猴子聪明)(5) 三餐饭前不用。如：Wehavebreakfastathomeandlunchatschool.(我们在家吃早饭,在校吃午饭)(6) 节、假日前一般不用。如：OnChildren’sDaytheboysoftengetpresentsfromtheirparents.(在儿童节,这些男孩经常得到父母的礼物)(7) 球类名词前不用。如：ThechildrenplayfootballonSaturdayafternoons.(孩子们星期六下午踢足球)(8) 城市的重要/主要建筑物名称前不用。如：TheyarenowatPeople’sCinema.(他们此刻在人民电影院) (9) 一些习惯用语中不用。如：⑴at/to/from/outof/after/forschool;⑵in/to/for/afterclass;⑶in/to/outof/intobed;⑷after/at/from/outof/towork; ⑸at/tosea;⑹in/from/down/totown;⑺at/fromhome;⑻at/for/tobreakfast/lunch/supper;⑼atnight/noon/midnight;⑽onfoot;⑾gotoschool/bed;⑿ontopof;⒀infrontof;⒁onshow/display/duty/watch;⒂in/outofhospital;⒃atall;⒄on/intime;⒅atfirst/last/once;⒆inChinese/English,etc.;⒇takecareof 介词：1、介词的主要用法：介词是一种虚词,不能独立使用。介词之后一般有名词或代词(宾格)或相当于名词的其他词类、短语或从句作它的宾语,即构成介词短语。有些介词是由两个以上的词构成的短语介词,如：outof(从…中出来),awayfrom(距离…),nextto(在…隔壁),infrontof(在…前方)等。2、介词的分类表：(见下表) 地点(位置、范围)介词：after在…后面,at在…处,before在...前,behind在...后,beside在...旁边,between在...之间,from来自...,in在...里面,near靠近...,on在...上面,outside在....外面,under在...下方,infrontof在...前, inthemiddleof在...的中间,atthebackof在...的后部,等等。 方向(目标趋向)介词：along沿着...,around绕着...,at朝着...,down向…下,for向...,from从/离...,in进入...,into进入...,near接近...,off脱离/除...,outof向...外,outside向....外,to向/朝...,up向...上,awayfrom远离... 时间介词：about大约...,after在…以后,at在…(时刻),before在…以前,for有…(之久),from从…(时)起,in在(上/下午);on在(某日),past过了…(时),to到(下一时刻), 方式介词：as作为/当作...,by用/由/乘坐/被...,in用…(语言), like与…一样,on骑(车)/徒(步),with用(材料),用(手/脚/耳/眼), 涉及介词:about关于...,in在…(方面),of…的,有关...,to对…而言,with就…而言 其它介词: 【目的介词】for为了...,to为了… 【比较介词】as与…一样,like象…一样,than比...,to与…相比少,【伴随/状态介词】at在(上班/休息/上学/家,etc.),in穿着…(衣服/颜色),on在(值日),with与…一起,有/带着/长着...3、介词短语的句法作用：介词短语相当于一个形容词或副词,可用作状语、定语和表语。如：Themancame.(状)(那个人走下楼来)/Thewomanisfromthecountryside.(定)(头上戴花的妇女来自乡下)/Theteacherisnowwiththestudents.(表)(老师现在和学生在一起)4、介词短语在句子中的位置： 介词短语做状语时,如果表示时间/地点,可以放在句首或句尾,如果表示方向/方式/伴随/涉及/原因/目的/比较,一般放在句尾；介词短语作表语时放在连系动词之后；介词短语作定语时,只能放在被修饰的名词之后。如：HewantedtofindagoodjobinShanghai thenextyear.(状语)(他想来年在上海找份好工作)/Theysearchedtheroomforthethief.(他们在房间里搜索小偷)/Thelettersareforyou.(表语)(信是给你的)/Haveyouseenacatwithablackheadandfourwhitelegs?(定语)(你看见一只黑头白腿的猫了吗？)5、重要注释：⑴this/that/these/those/last/next/a/every/each等词构成的时间短语,前面不用任何介词。如：Everyyeartravellers fromabroadcometovisitPingyao.(每年都有国外的游客来游览平窑镇)/Hehadabadcoldthatweek.(那个星期他患重感冒)⑵记住一些固定词组：onfoot(步行),atnight(在晚上),playwith(玩耍……),lookoutof(朝…外面看),withone’shelp(在…的帮助下),lookafter(照料…),lookfor(寻找…),onabike(=bybike)骑车,helpsb.with(帮某人做…)等等。6、某些介词的用法辨析： ⑴时间或地点介词in、on、at的用法区别：表示时间时,in表示在一段时间里(在将来时句子中则表示在一段时间之后),on表示在具体的某一天或者某天的上下午等,at表示在某个时刻或者瞬间； 表示地点时,in表示在某个范围之内,on表示在某个平面上或与一个面相接触,at则表示在某个具体的场所或地点。如：HewasbornonthemorningofMay10th.(他出生于五月十日的早晨)/Iusuallygetupat7：00inthemorning.(我通常在早上的七点钟起床)/Hisglassesarerightonhisnose.(他的眼镜就架在他的鼻子上)/Heisatthecinemaatthemoment.(此刻他正在电影院)⑵after与in表示时间的用法区别：“after+(具体时刻/从句)”表示“在…时刻之后”常用于一般时态；“in+(一段时间)”表示“在(多久)之后”,常用于将来时态。如：Hesaidthathewouldbehereafter6：00.(他说他六点钟之后会来这儿)/MyfatheriscomingbackfromEnglandinaboutamonth.(我父亲大约一个月以后从英国回来) ⑶by、in与with表示方式的用法区别：都可以表示“工具、手段”,但是by主要表示“乘坐”某个交通工具或“以……方式”,in表示“使用”某种语言/文字,with表示“使用”某个具体的工具、手段。如：Weseewithoureyesandwalkwithourfeet.(我们用眼睛看东西,用双脚走路)/Pleasewritethatarticle(文章)inEnglish.(请你用英语写那篇文章)/Let’sgotothezoobytaxi.(我们打的去动物园吧。)/ItwaswrittenbyLaoShe.(那是老舍写的)⑸infrontof与inthefrontof：infrontof“在…的前面”,与inthefrontof“在…的前部”。如：Acarwasparkinginfrontofthehall.(大厅跟前停着一辆汽车)/Inthefrontofthehallstoodabigdesk.(大厅前部立着一个大讲台)用适当的介词填空:1.Tomistheboy_______glasses.2.Pleasereadsomebooks________Chinesemedicine.3.Sheworksinthedayandhasarest______night.4.Myuncleworks_______afarm.5.MrBlackandYangLingaretalking_________aparty.6.Shewants_____buyasweater______herdaughter.7.It’samap____China.8.Let’shavealook_____thepicture.9.What’sthat_____Chinese?10.I’m_____Class One.11.Thereisaclock______thewall______theclassroom.12.Canyouseeanapple_______thetree?No,ButIcanseeabird_______thetree.13.Thereisapurse______here.14.Thereisaboat______thelake.15.Therearemanykites____thesky.16.Whatclothesisshewearing?Sheis_______red.17.Canyouseetheboy_______thebike?18.Thewoman______ayellowdressismymother.19.Whocanyousee______thepicture?20.Who’stheman__________yourmotherandfather?21.GaoShangetsup______6:00_______themorning.22.Wedon’thaveclasses_______Sundaymorning.23.Whatdoyouoftendo______Saturday?24.Canyouhelpme______mymaths?25.What’swrong______you?26.Who’s_____duty?27.It’stime_____supper.28.Shecan’tfindtheway.Sosheasksthepoliceman_____help.29.Aman______Shanghaigoestothepark_______his daughter.30.Yoursocksare_____thedesk.Putthemaway.Youmustlook_______yourthings.31.Mysisterisdrawingapicture________crayons.32.I’mthirsty.What_____you?33.Whatwouldyoulike_______breakfast?34.HeisAmerican.Heis_______theUSA.35.Heis_______home.Heisn’t______school.36.Thelunch______ourschoolisgood.37.Heisplaying_______ayou-you.38.Iamgood_____running.Tomdoeswell_____jumping.39.Thegirlsplaycards_______class.40.Take______theoldcoat.Put______thenewone.41.I’mlooking_____mydog.Ican’tfindit.42.Theyaretalking______Mr.Green.Theyaretalk______thefilm.43.Thecatisrunning_______themouse.44.Peterlooks______hisfather.45.HeislearningFrench_________thetape.46.Frenchmencome________France.47.Pleasewrite_____mesoon.48.Jackgoestoschool______foot.Jimgoestoschool______ bike.49.Thefarmisnotfar________hishome.50.Don’tbelate______school.51.She’sill.Shestays______bedallday.52.Therearealotofpeople________RedAppleHotel.53.Thesupermarketisopen_______9:00a.m.________9:00p.m..54.Theyaregetting______thebus.55.Weareplayingfootball________theplayground.56._______weekends,whendoyougetup?57.Thebookshopisnot_____ShanghaiStreet,itis________BeijingRoad.58.Don’tlaugh_____anyone.59.Helooks________,thereisnoonenearby.60.Thethiefisrunning______________theshop.61.Thehospitalis5kilometers_______________theshoppingcenter.62.ClassOneis______________ClassTwo.63.Thereisariver________________myhouse.64.Theyarewalking______thelake.基数词和序数词基数词 序数词0 zero 1 one first/1st 第一2 two second/2nd 第二3 three third/3rd 第三4 four fourth/4th 第四5 five fifth/5th 第五6 six sixth/6th 第六7 seven seventh/7th 第七8 eight eighth/8th 第八9 nine ninth/9th 第九10 ten tenth/10th 第十11 eleven eleventh/11th 第十一12 twelve twelfth/12th 第十二13 thirteen thirteenth/13th 第十三14 fourteen fourteenth/14th 第十四15 fifteen fifteenth/15th 第十五16 sixteen sixteenth/16th 第十六17 seventeen seventeenth/17th 第十七18 eighteen eighteenth/18th 第十八19 nineteen nineteenth/19th 第十九20 twenty twentieth/20th 第二十21 Twenty-one twenty-first/21st 第二十一22 Twenty-two twenty-second/22nd 第二十二23 Twenty-three twenty-third/23rd 第二十三30 thirty thirtieth/30th 第三十40 forty fortieth/40th 第四十50 fifty fiftieth/50th 第五十60 sixty sixtieth/60th 第六十70 seventy seventieth/70th 第七十80 eighty eightieth/80th 第八十90 ninety ninetieth/90th 第九十100 hundred hundredth/100th 第一百 基数词变序数词变化规则1，2，3，单独记；8后少t, 9少e；5，12去ve变为fth；整十位数变y为ie再加th；大于20的两位数只将个位变序数词。祈使句表示请求或命令别人做某事或不要做某事。肯定祈使句一定是以动词原形开头（有时有please），否定的祈使句一定是don’t加动词原形开头（有时有please）。把祈使句改为否定句只需在动词前加don’t即可。 情态动词：我们现在学过的情态动词有：can,could,will,would,may,must,should,shall。情态动词后动词总是用原形。（不受其他任何条件影响）特殊疑问句. What(问什么事,什么物或什么工作) Whatareyoudoing？ I’mreading. Whatisthat? It’sabook. Ｗhatisshe?(What’sherjob?) She’sanurse.Whatcolour(问颜色) Whatcolourisyourcoat? It’sred.Whatshape(问开状) Whatshapeisthemoon? It’sacircle.Whattime（时间） Whattimeisit?What’sthetime? It’sseven.What……job(职业) What’syourjob? I’mastudent.Whattime/when(什么时候) Whattime/Whendoyougetup? Igetupatsixthirty. Whenisyourbirthday? It’sonthe21stofDecember.Which（哪一个） Whichisyourwatch,theyellowoneorthewhiteone? Theyellowis mine. Who（谁） Whoisthemanwithabignose? He’smyuncle.Whose（谁的） Whosebagisit?Whoseisthisbag? It’shisbag.Where（哪里） Whereismyballpen? It’sunderthebook.Why（为什么） Whydoyoulikesummer? Ilikesummerbecause…Howmany（多少） Howmanybooksarethereintheschoolbag? Therearefourbooksintheschoolbag.Howold（几岁） Howoldistheyoungman? He’snineteen.Howmuch（多少钱） Howmuchisthetoybear? It’selevenyuan.How（怎么样） Howdoyougotoschooleveryday? Igotoschoolbycar.Howfar(多远) Howfarisitfromhere? It’s5kilometersaway.Howabout(怎么样) Ilikepandas.Howaboutyou? Metoo.
