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1、定语从句高考考点例析TheAttributiveClause7/29/2021在句子中作定语,修饰名词或代词的从句。这种从句由关系代词或关系副词引导,并作句子成分。定语从句也叫形容词性从句。定语从句的位置:通常在先行词/所修饰名词或代词的后边。定语从句的引导词7/29/2021关系代词指人指物that(主语、宾语、表语),which(主语、宾语)whose(定语)who(主语、宾语),whom(宾语),that(主语、宾语表语),whose(定语)关系副词where(地点状语)7/29/2021why(原因状语)when(时间状语)关系词通常有三个作用:(1)连接主从句;
2、(2)指代先行词;(3)作成份。7/29/2021Attributiveclause:限制性定语从句restrictive非限制性定语从句non-restrictive是先行词在意义上不可缺少的定语,如果去掉,主句的意思就不完整或失去意义。这种从句和主句关系十分密切,写时不用逗号分开。和主句关系不很密切,只是对先行词作些附加说明,如果去掉,主句的意思仍然清楚。这种从句,写时往往逗号分开。7/29/2021Themanwhocamehereyesterdaycameagain.IwastheonlypersonwhowasinvitedinmyofficeJenny,with
3、whomIplayedtableTennisyesterday,livesinmynextroom.7/29/2021引导非限制性定语从句的关系代词不可用that,指人时用who(主语),whom(宾语),指物时须用which注意:7/29/2021考点一:如何判定用关系代词还是用关系副词1、找出定语从句中是否主语和宾语都齐全。如齐全用关系副词。具体用什么关系副词要看先行词。如不齐全,用关系代词.7/29/2021Wewillgotothemountain____(wegrewtreeslastyear).where1982wastheyear______(hewasbor
4、n).Pleasegivemethereason_____(youmadesuchagreatsuccess).whenwhy7/29/20212、如定语从句中缺宾语,确定定语从句的谓语动词是及物动词,用关系代词,如不是,用关系副词。Thehouse________(theybuiltin1987)stayedupintheearthquake.whichthat___________7/29/2021Yesterdaywewenttovisitthehouse______(thegreatwriterusedtolive).where____7/29/2021Hewasb
5、ornintheyear______(theSecondWorldwarbrokeout).wheninwhich__________________whowhomthat/7/29/20213、如定语从句中谓语结构是被动结构,有主语,则用关系副词。无主语,用关系代词Themeeting(______willbeheldnextweek)isveryimportant.whichthat7/29/2021Kunmingisabeautifulplace______(flowersareseenalltheyearround).whereOctober1stistheday_
6、_______(newChinawasfounded).when7/29/2021考点二:that和which的选择b.Iamsureshehassomething(that)youcanborrow.c.Thereislittle(that)theenemycandobesidessurrender.that指物时一般可以与which互换,在下列情况引导词只用that不用which。①当先行词为all,much,little,few,none,something,anything,everything,nothing等不定代词时,如:7/29/2021I’vereadal
7、lthebooks(that)yougaveme.②先行词被all,every,no,some,any,little,much修饰时:Allthatwecandohasbeendone.7/29/2021考点二:that和which的选择③先行词是序数词或形容词最高级修饰时。Thisisthebestbook(that)I’veeverread.Thisisthefirstcomposition(that)hehaswritteninEnglish.7/29/2021④先行词被theonly,thevery,the